Mutational Stability Profiling and Functional Analysis of Spike Protein in Indian Sars Cov-2 Delta Variants: an in Silico Analysis

Abstract

Context Globally Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) is the most influential pandemic which affects the human respiratory system. The severity of the disease depends on the interaction between the viral protein and host protein. Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 interacts with host ACE2 receptor in the presence of TMPRSS serine protease through C-Terminal Domain (CTD). In this research, we studied the effect of mutation on the S-protein stability and functional analysis based on the sequence of SARS CoV-2 delta Indian variants by in silico prediction. Sequences were retrieved from the database and studied mutation and evolutionary relationships. The protein stability is analyzed by predicting intrinsic disorder and I-Mutant v2.0 bioinformatics tool. The functional study of S-protein was conducted using SMART, Protparam, NetPhos, and NetNGlyc. In addition to this analysed the stability of RBD region after mutation. Methods This study explains the effect of mutation on spike proteins and its evolutionary relationship, which is used for the better understanding of SARS CoV-2 variation and diversification. The changes in spike protein promote the evolution of the virus. In the future, a complete analysis of delta variant S protein contributes to effective targeted therapeutic measures.