Mutation Studies in Fruit Crops: A Review

Lamo, Kunzang; Bhat, Deep Ji; Kour, Kiran; Solanki, Shivendu Pratap Singh

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.612.418

Cited by 38 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…In general, bud mutations are an important source of new varieties of fruit crops. Characteristics such as a perennial nature, long juvenile phase, heterozygosity, and sexual incompatibilities in fruit crops hamper their improvement through conventional breeding [18]. Compared with conventional hybridization, the selection of bud mutants gives the advantages of shortening the breeding cycle and reducing the workload and costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of perennial fruit trees of economic importance originated from bud changes [20][21]. However, Spontaneous bud mutation occurs at a very low frequency, moreover, many of these mutations may be deleterious, making the organism less adapted to its environment, and in some cases may even be lethal [18]. Therefore, mutants that survive in adverse environments and even present excellent phenotypes are considered to have good characteristics for adaption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The assessment of epigenetic diversity, differentiation, and structure in the ‘Fuji’ mutation line implicates roles of epigenetic modification in the occurrence of different mutant groups as well as spontaneous mutants

Liu

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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The 'Fuji' line includes many varieties with a similar genetic background and consistent inducement factors with epigenetic occurrence, thus it may be considered an ideal candidate for epigenetic research. In this study, 91 bud mutations of 'Fuji' apple were used as the test materials. Using the genetic variation within 'Fuji' as the control, the characteristics of epigenetic variation at different levels in both varieties and mutant groups were examined. The results showed that: (1) the global genomic DNA methylation level of the 91 bud mutants of 'Fuji' ranged from 29.120%-45.084%, with an average of 35.910%. Internal cytosine methylation was the main DNA methylation pattern. Regarding the variation of methylation patterns of 'Fuji' mutants, the vast majority of loci maintained the original methylation pattern existed in 'Fuji'. CHG methylation variation was the main type of variation; (2) the variation in methylation patterns between the mutant groups was greater than that of methylation levels. Among these patterns, the variation in CHG methylation patterns (including CHG hypermethylation and CHG demethylation) was expected to be dominant. The observed variation in methylation levels was more important in the Color mutant group; however, the variation in methylation patterns was more obvious in both the early maturation and Spur mutant groups. Moreover, the range of variation in the Early-maturation group was much wider than that in the Spur mutant group; (3) epigenetic diversity and genetic diversity were both low between the mutant groups. In the 'Fuji' mutant groups, there was few correlation between genetic and epigenetic variation, and epigenetic differentiation resulted in more loci with moderate or greater differentiation; (4) the purifying selection seemed to play a major role in the differentiation of different groups of 'Fuji' mutants (65.618%), but epigenetic diversity selection still occurred at nearly 35% of loci. Sixteen epigenetic outlier loci were detected.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The assessment of epigenetic diversity, differentiation, and structure in the ‘Fuji’ mutation line implicates roles of epigenetic modification in the occurrence of different mutant groups as well as spontaneous mutants

Liu

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…It is important to mention that synonyms could also harbor somatic mutations that have not altered phenotypes enough to define themselves as new cultivars. It has been known that synonyms and somatic mutants have rarely been distinguished from the original type with a limited number of markers (Nybom et al, 2014;Ruiz et al, 2019), as the chance for the mutation to be detected with a tested marker is low (Lee et al, 2016;Lamo et al, 2017). However, a deletion that caused the loss of heterozygosity on SEG16 distinguished "Dingaobian" (9) from its original type "Dingaomei" (C) in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Genetic Diversity, Pedigree Relationships, and A Haplotype-Based DNA Fingerprinting System of Red Bayberry Cultivars

Zhong

et al. 2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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High throughput sequencing was used to reveal the distribution of whole-genome variations in cultivated Morella rubra (Sieb. et Zucc.). A total of 3,151,123 SNPs, 371,757 small indels, and 15,904 SVs were detected in 52 accessions. Verification by Sanger sequencing demonstrated that the positive rate of the SNPs was approximately 97.3%. Search for more genetic variations was expanded to 141 red bayberry accessions, most of which were cultivars, by sequencing 19 selected genomic segments (SEG1-19). The results showed that each segment harbored, on average, 7.8 alleles (haplotypes), a haplotype diversity of 0.42, and a polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.40. Seventy-two different genotypes were identified from the 141 accessions, and statistical analysis showed that the accessions with duplicated genotypes were either somatic mutants or simply synonyms. Core set selection results showed that a minimum of 34 genotypes could already have covered all the alleles on the segments. A DNA fingerprinting system was developed for red bayberry, which used the diversity information of only 8 DNA segments yet still achieved a very high efficiency without losing robustness. No large clade was robustly supported by hierarchical clustering, and well-supported small clusters mainly included close relatives. These results should lead to an improved understanding of the genetic diversity of red bayberry and be valuable for future molecular breeding and variety protection.

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“…Thus, a combined analysis offers increased sensitivity (Konstantinos et al, 2008). However, chemical mutagens are preferably used to induce point mutations, physical mutagens such as gamma raysinduce gross lesions, such as chromosomal abbreviation or rearrangements (Lamo et al, 2017). Therefore, the SSCP marker should be considered as a scanner method rather than identificationmethod (Fujita and Silver, 1994).Mutations in the Gf-2.8 gene were identified by the analysis of the SSCP in wheat (Wang et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of genetic diversity among mutant lemon and mandarin varieties using different molecular markers

Sülü¹,

Kaçar²,

Polat³

et al. 2020

Turk J Agric For

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Mandarin (Citrus reticulate Blanco) and lemon (C.limon L.) are among the most cultivated Citrus species in the world.Among different approaches, gamma radiation is widely used to induce mutations in citrus breeding studies. Gamma radiation causes DNA damage, randomly inducing several mutations in the genome. Molecular techniquesarewidely used to detect such induced mutations and genetic diversity in plants.In this study, simple sequence repeats (SSR), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) markers were used to detectthe induced mutations andgenetic diversityin someirradiated mandarin and lemon genotypes in comparison with standard citrus varieties. The irradiated genotypes used in this study derived from populationsthat had been originally obtained with gamma radiation with different gray doses applied on Yerli Mandarin and Antalya YerliYuvarlak lemon varieties. Out of 82 primers (22 SSCP, 30 ISSR and 30 SSR) tested, 55 primers (9 SSCP, 24 ISSR and 22 SSR primers) successfully amplified a total number of 363 amplicons.A single band with an approximate size of 500 nucleotides was determined using the primer ISSR 868 as differentiating between seedy parent and irradiated seedless mandarin genotypes. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values of SSCP, ISSR, and SSR markers ranged from 0.61-0.99, 0.31-0.96, and 0.33-0.96, respectively. Cluster analysis classified lemons and mandarins into 2 subgroups as mutant and commercial lemon genotypes. ISSR markers were found to be more effective to determine the genetic differences among the varieties in comparison to SSCP and SSR markers. The results clearly showed that SSCP, SSR and ISSR markers are important tools to distinguish mutant genotypes andconfirmed their usefulness for phylogenetic studies.

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Mutation Studies in Fruit Crops: A Review

Cited by 38 publications

References 40 publications

The assessment of epigenetic diversity, differentiation, and structure in the ‘Fuji’ mutation line implicates roles of epigenetic modification in the occurrence of different mutant groups as well as spontaneous mutants

The assessment of epigenetic diversity, differentiation, and structure in the ‘Fuji’ mutation line implicates roles of epigenetic modification in the occurrence of different mutant groups as well as spontaneous mutants

Genetic Diversity, Pedigree Relationships, and A Haplotype-Based DNA Fingerprinting System of Red Bayberry Cultivars

Identification of genetic diversity among mutant lemon and mandarin varieties using different molecular markers

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