Mutation of the
            <i>priA</i>
            Gene of
            <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>
            Affects DNA Transformation and DNA Repair

Kline, Kimberly; Seifert, H. Steven

doi:10.1128/jb.187.15.5347-5355.2005

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Homologous recombination was previously shown to mediate pilin antigenic variation (231,278,353,357), but no specific genetic element capable of triggering the recombination event had been identified. A cis-acting 16-base guanine-rich sequence-designated the G4-RIS or "recombination initiation sequence"-located upstream of pilE on the lagging strand, was shown to form a guanine quartet (G4) which facilitates nick formation within the G4 DNA (74).…”

Section: Diversity In Neisseria Pilinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type IV Pilin Proteins: Versatile Molecular Modules

Giltner

Nguyen

Burrows

2012

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

398

519

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SUMMARYType IV pili (T4P) are multifunctional protein fibers produced on the surfaces of a wide variety of bacteria and archaea. The major subunit of T4P is the type IV pilin, and structurally related proteins are found as components of the type II secretion (T2S) system, where they are called pseudopilins; of DNA uptake/competence systems in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive species; and of flagella, pili, and sugar-binding systems in the archaea. This broad distribution of a single protein family implies both a common evolutionary origin and a highly adaptable functional plan. The type IV pilin is a remarkably versatile architectural module that has been adopted widely for a variety of functions, including motility, attachment to chemically diverse surfaces, electrical conductance, acquisition of DNA, and secretion of a broad range of structurally distinct protein substrates. In this review, we consider recent advances in this research area, from structural revelations to insights into diversity, posttranslational modifications, regulation, and function.

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Section: Diversity In Neisseria Pilinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type IV Pilin Proteins: Versatile Molecular Modules

Giltner

Nguyen

Burrows

2012

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

398

519

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“…A priA mutant strain of N. gonorrhoeae has decreased DNA repair capability and is sensitive to hydrogen peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide killing relative to the wild-type parental strain (142). RecN, involved in repair of damaged DNA (220), also appears to be directly involved in defense against oxidative stress in N. gonorrhoeae (Table 1).…”

Section: Dna Repair Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PriA, a helicase of N. gonorrhoeae, is predicted to deal directly with oxidative stress-induced DNA damage through its role in restarting DNA replication at stalled replication forks (Table 1) (142). A priA mutant strain of N. gonorrhoeae has decreased DNA repair capability and is sensitive to hydrogen peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide killing relative to the wild-type parental strain (142).…”

Section: Dna Repair Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Defenses against Oxidative Stress inNeisseria gonorrhoeae: a System Tailored for a Challenging Environment

Seib

Kidd

et al. 2006

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

128

174

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SUMMARY Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a host-adapted pathogen that colonizes primarily the human genitourinary tract. This bacterium encounters reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species as a consequence of localized inflammatory responses in the urethra of males and endocervix of females and also of the activity of commensal lactobacilli in the vaginal flora. This review describes recent advances in the understanding of defense systems against oxidative stress in N. gonorrhoeae and shows that while some of its defenses have similarities to the paradigm established with Escherichia coli, there are also some key differences. These differences include the presence of a defense system against superoxide based on manganese ions and a glutathione-dependent system for defense against nitric oxide which is under the control of a novel MerR-like transcriptional regulator. An understanding of the defenses against oxidative stress in N. gonorrhoeae and their regulation may provide new insights into the ways in which this bacterium survives challenges from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and urogenital epithelial cells.

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“…A homolog of ComFA in N. gonorrhoeae is the primosome assembly protein (PriA) (52). PriA is central to the restart of chromosomal replication when replication fork progression is disrupted, is involved in homologous recombination and DNA repair, and is essential for transformation (53).…”

Section: Dna Uptake Into the Periplasm Is Reversible For Gram-negativementioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of DNA uptake during transformation provide evidence for a translocation ratchet mechanism

Hepp

Maier

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Horizontal gene transfer can speed up adaptive evolution and support chromosomal DNA repair. A particularly widespread mechanism of gene transfer is transformation. The initial step to transformation, namely the uptake of DNA from the environment, is supported by the type IV pilus system in most species. However, the molecular mechanism of DNA uptake remains elusive. Here, we used singlemolecule techniques for characterizing the force-dependent velocity of DNA uptake by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. We found that the DNA uptake velocity depends on the concentration of the periplasmic DNA-binding protein ComE, indicating that ComE is directly involved in the uptake process. The velocity-force relation of DNA uptake is in very good agreement with a translocation ratchet model where binding of chaperones in the periplasm biases DNA diffusion through a membrane pore in the direction of uptake. The model yields a speed of DNA uptake of 900 bp·s −1 and a reversal force of 17 pN. Moreover, by comparing the velocityforce relation of DNA uptake and type IV pilus retraction, we can exclude pilus retraction as a mechanism for DNA uptake. In conclusion, our data strongly support the model of a translocation ratchet with ComE acting as a ratcheting chaperone.

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Mutation of the priA Gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Affects DNA Transformation and DNA Repair

Cited by 48 publications

References 73 publications

Type IV Pilin Proteins: Versatile Molecular Modules

Type IV Pilin Proteins: Versatile Molecular Modules

Defenses against Oxidative Stress inNeisseria gonorrhoeae: a System Tailored for a Challenging Environment

Kinetics of DNA uptake during transformation provide evidence for a translocation ratchet mechanism

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