Mutation in a structural gene for a beta-tubulin specific to testis in Drosophila melanogaster.

Kemphues, Kenneth J.; Raff, Rudolf A.; Kaufman, Thomas C.; Raff, Elizabeth C.

doi:10.1073/pnas.76.8.3991

Cited by 126 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Such a situation has been clearly demonstrated in Drosophila melanogaster. Here, the [32 gene, one of four encoding [3-tubulin, is expressed solely during spermatogenesis and is the only member whose gene product appears in the developing male germ cells; null mutations have indicated that the [32 gene is required for spermatid development, but is nonessential at all other times (Kemphues et al 1979(Kemphues et al , 1982. The most elaborate arrays of tubulin gene expression are found in the vertebrates, which have many functional genes encoding oL-and [3-tubulin (for review, see Cleveland 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After losing one member of a tubulin multigene family, some organisms exhibit no phenotype until a specific stage of development or differentiation is reached. One remarkable example of such a situation has been described extensively for the four-membered 13-tubulin family in Drosophila melanogaster, where the ~2 gene is paramount during spermatid differentiation but is dispensable at all other times (Kemphues et al 1979(Kemphues et al , 1982.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The tubB alpha-tubulin gene is essential for sexual development in Aspergillus nidulans.

Kirk¹,

Morris²

1991

Genes Dev.

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The filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans has two genes encoding a-tubulin, tubA and tubB. Mutational analysis of tubA has demonstrated that the tubA gene is essential for mitosis and nuclear migration. In this study we have deleted the tubB gene by replacing it with a selectable marker and have named this new allele tubBA. The results demonstrate that the tubB gene is not required for vegetative growth or asexual reproduction, nor is it required for the initiation or early stages of sexual differentiation. Deletion of tubB, however, completely prevents ascosporogenesis, because tubBA strains produce no sexual spores when self-crossed. These strains produce viable ascospores when outcrossed to tubB + strains, indicating that the tubBA mutation is recessive. We have studied the cytology of sexual development in wild-type strains and in the tubB mutant and have observed that tubBA, strains develop normally to the stage of ascus formation. However, only a single nuclear mass is observed in the tubBA ascus, indicating that either the two zygotic haploid nuclei are blocked in karyogamy or that karyogamy occurs but the resulting diploid nucleus is subsequently blocked in meiosis I.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The tubB alpha-tubulin gene is essential for sexual development in Aspergillus nidulans.

Kirk¹,

Morris²

1991

Genes Dev.

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“…An organ-specific /3-tubulin has already been described in Drosophila (22). Alternatively, more than one a-tubulin may be required even within one cell.…”

Section: Asn-leu-asn-arg-leu-ile-gly-gln-ile-val-ser-ser-ile-thr-ala-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete amino acid sequence of alpha-tubulin from porcine brain.

Ponstingl¹,

Krauhs²,

Little³

et al. 1981

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

273

155

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The amino acid sequence of a-tubulin from porcine brain was determined by automated and manual Edman degradation of eight sets of overlapping peptides. It comprises 450 residues plus a COOH-terminal tyrosine that is present only in 15% of the material. A region of 40 residues at the COOH-terminus is highly acidic, mainly due to 16 glutamyl residues. This high concentration ofnegative charge suggests a region for binding cations. At least six positions, most of them around position 270, are occupied by two amino acid residues each. Several of these exchange sites were assigned to specific peptides by analysis of the purified corresponding fragments. These data indicate four a-tubulins in porcine brain. Although a-tubulin on the whole is unrelated to other proteins, there are regions that can be correlated to sequences of the myosin head, to actin, to tropomyosin, and to troponins C and T.Tubulins occur in all eukaryotic cells as the constituents of microtubules, which participate in cell division, intracellular transport and secretion processes, ciliary and flagellar movement, morphogenesis, and cell orientation. Tubulins from widely differing species and cell types appear to be remarkably similar regarding composition, molecular weight, binding of cytostatic and psychopharmacological drugs, immunological crossreactivity, and capacity to copolymerize. Yet even within one cell, there are several types of microtubules that have differing stabilities and assemble into distinct organelles at various times. Knowledge of the primary structure should clarify whether there is just one tubulin for all functions or whether there exists a family of similar proteins. It will also facilitate mapping of binding sites for various ligands, production of antibodies to well-defined antigenic sites, matching of protein structure with that of messengers and genes, and investigation of functionally defective tubulin mutants. Comparison of the structure with those of known proteins may give hints for experiments regarding tubulin function.Tubulin in solution is assumed to exist as a heterodimer of two chains, a and f, each with a molecular weight4of 50,000, and very similar amino acid compositions. Yet functional differences have been reported. For example, only a-tubulin (from blood platelets) binds cyclic AMP (1) and only /3-tubulin binds exchangeable GTP (2). Here we present the sequence of the a-chain from porcine brain and report on the general strategy used. MATERIALS AND METHODSWe have purified tubulin from porcine brain by a modification of the methods used by Eipper (3) and by Luduena et al. (4). The 100,000 X g brain supernatant in 0.05 M sodium pyrophosphate buffer (pH 7.0) was incubated with 0.1 mM colchicine for 15 min at 37°C before chromatography on DEAE-cellulose with a linear gradient of 0.1-0.3 M sodium chloride. Tubulin was identified by the fluorescence of its complex with colchicine (5). The preparation was reduced, alkylated with iodoacetic acid, and assayed for protein impurities by disc gel electrophore...

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“…The Drosophila inelanogaster genome contains four a-tubulin (21,22,30,37) and four f3-tubulin sequences (37). Each of the a-tubulin genomic sequences appears to be a functional gene coding for distinct mRNAs (21), and at least three of the ,-tubulin sequences are expressed (23,24,35).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of two neural cell-specific beta-tubulin mRNAs during rat brain development.

Bond¹,

Robinson²,

Farmer³

1984

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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We recently demonstrated that j3-tubulin mRNA expression is regulated during rat brain development. This is manifested by a dramatic decrease in both 1.8-and 2.9-kilobase (kb) mRNAs when extensive neurite elongation is occurring. Coincident with these decreases is the increased production of a 2.5-kb mRNA. (J. F.Bond and S. R. Farmer, Mol. Cell. Biol. 3:1333-1342. In the present study, we have isolated and characterized three different cDNAs corresponding to I8-tubulin mRNAs (RIIT.1, RjiT.2, and R,BT.3).Hybridization of 3' untranslated region subclones of RO1T.1 and R,IT.2 cDNAs to RNA from a variety of rat tissues and cells revealed that these two cDNAs are neural cell specific. ROT. 1 corresponds to an abundant 1.8-kb mRNA expressed only at early stages of rat brain development. RO1T.2 corresponds to the 2.5-kb mRNA expressed at later stages. These data strongly suggest that there is differential expression of the Il-tubulin multigene family during rat brain development.

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Mutation in a structural gene for a beta-tubulin specific to testis in Drosophila melanogaster.

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 126 publications

References 26 publications

The tubB alpha-tubulin gene is essential for sexual development in Aspergillus nidulans.

The tubB alpha-tubulin gene is essential for sexual development in Aspergillus nidulans.

Complete amino acid sequence of alpha-tubulin from porcine brain.

Differential expression of two neural cell-specific beta-tubulin mRNAs during rat brain development.

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