Mutation Breeding for Rice Grain Quality: Aspects, Considerations, and Promising Results

Luz, Viviane Köpp da; Oliveira, Victoria Freitas de; Maltzahn, Latóia Eduarda; Venske, Eduardo

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-37510-2_15

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 73 publications

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“…Previous studies confirmed the capability of this method to improve genetic variability in a wide range of rice genotypes, making it an effective tool for rice breeding (Kole et al, 2008;Harding, 2012;da Luz et al, 2020). Reports stated gamma rays had created mutants tolerant to abiotic stress, such as salinity and drought-tolerant mutants in rice (Song et al, 2012;Joshi et al, 2016;Huang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Characterization and Genetic Analysis of the Selected Rice Mutant Populations

CHOWDHURY¹,

ISLAM²,

MIM³

et al. 2023

SABRAOJBG

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The development of mutant populations, followed by their characterization, offers a significant opportunity to isolate genotypes and genes with desired traits of interest. This paper assessed the agronomic performance, genetic variability, and yield-related characteristics of 22 M3 generation mutants (gamma ray-irradiated) of rice derived from a promising local rice genotype (Fatema dhan). The seeds of the selected mutants, the original parent, and three cultivars were grown in a randomized complete block design at the research farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. Few mutants exhibited superior quantitative phenotypic traits compared with parental genotypes and check varieties. Mutant lines 1 and 83 required minimum days to reach maturity, and mutant lines 9, 17, and 80 exhibited significantly higher yield per plant than the parent and check varieties. Heritability analysis and genetic parameters revealed that genetic components mostly controlled all observed traits, with a minor influence on the environment. The higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability, and genetic gain confirmed possible rice yield improvement through phenotypic selection. The traits, including days to first flowering and maturity, plant height, and panicle length, showed a significant positive correlation with yield. The principal component analysis revealed that the first two components explained 69% of the total variation between genotypes. Thus, the promising mutant lines (1, 9, 17, 80, and 83) isolated in this study can serve for the development of high-yielding and early-maturing rice varieties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Characterization and Genetic Analysis of the Selected Rice Mutant Populations

CHOWDHURY¹,

ISLAM²,

MIM³

et al. 2023

SABRAOJBG

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Role of induced mutagenesis and improved crop varieties in food security: impact in the Indian context

2022

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Improvement of crop plants relies on the availability of plant genetic variation. There are several approaches for enhancing genetic variability and for breeding better genotypes to achieve high productivity to meet the demands of food security. India is an agrarian country, whose economic development is vastly dependent on sustained growth and achievements in the agriculture sector amid the raising population, shrinking arable land and adverse effects of climate change. Current and future challenges in agriculture will require a synergistic blend of conventional and advanced methodologies in crop improvement, crop production and crop protection which would holistically contribute to agricultural research for achieving national food and nutritional security. Crop improvement through mutation breeding, among various breeding methodologies, has played an important role in inducing novel genetic variability, improving existing popular varieties and developing promising superior varieties in different crop plants. Induced mutants and their utilization in recombination breeding have contributed to the development and release of more than 458 mutant and mutant-derived varieties in India covering cereals, food legumes, oilseeds, ornamentals, medicinal and aromatic plants and other crops for varied agro-ecologies. These varieties were improved for various agronomic traits, seed yield, nutritional traits, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Mutant varieties are now widely accepted and extensively cultivated by the farming community, which enabled in enhancing productivity in turn farm income across the country.

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Enrichment of Grapes with Zinc-Efficiency of Foliar Fertilization with ZnSO4 and ZnO and Implications on Winemaking

Daccak

Lidon

Pessoa

et al. 2022

Plants

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Grapes and wine are widely consumed in the world, yet their mineral content can be influenced by many factors such as the mineral composition of soils, viticulture practices and environmental conditions. In this context, considering the importance of Zn in the human physiology, the enrichment of Moscatel and Castelão grapes (white and red variety, respectively) with this nutrient prompted this study; further assessment is of tissue deposition and some implications for wine production. Using two foliar fertilizers (ZnO or ZnSO4, at 150, 450 and 900 g ha−1), decreases in net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance occurred in both varieties, suggesting that the physiological threshold of Zn toxicity was reached without visible symptoms. Following foliar spraying with both fertilizers, the content of Zn in leaves of the Castelão and Moscatel varieties showed higher values in all treatments relative to the control. Moreover, in grapes this tendency occurred only in Castelão. Concerning Cu, Fe, Ca, K, S and P, some significant differences also happened in leaves and grapes among treatments. At harvest, the indexes of Zn enrichment in grapes increased between 2.14- and 8.38-fold and between 1.02- and 1.44-fold in Castelão and Moscatel varieties, respectively. Zinc in the dried skin of Castelão only increased with ZnO and ZnSO4 sprayed at 900 g ha−1 (ca. 2.71- and 1.5-fold relative to the control, respectively), but in Moscatel a clear accumulation trend could not be found. The dry weight of grapes ranged (in %) between 16 and 23 (but did not vary significantly among treatments of each variety or in each treatment between varieties), and total soluble solids (e.g., mainly soluble sugars and proteins) and color parameters showed some significant variations. Through winemaking, the contents of Zn increased in both varieties (1.34- and 3.57-fold, in Castelão and Moscatel, respectively) and in all treatments, although non-significantly in Castelão. It is concluded that, to increase the contents of Zn in grapes without reaching the threshold of toxicity, ZnO or ZnSO4 can be used for foliar spraying of Castelão and Moscatel varieties until 900 g ha−1 and that winemaking augments the level of this nutrient.

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Mutation Breeding for Rice Grain Quality: Aspects, Considerations, and Promising Results

Cited by 4 publications

References 73 publications

Characterization and Genetic Analysis of the Selected Rice Mutant Populations

Characterization and Genetic Analysis of the Selected Rice Mutant Populations

Role of induced mutagenesis and improved crop varieties in food security: impact in the Indian context

Enrichment of Grapes with Zinc-Efficiency of Foliar Fertilization with ZnSO4 and ZnO and Implications on Winemaking

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