Mutant dlx3b disturbs normal tooth mineralization and bone formation in zebrafish

Chen

J of Applied Toxicology

et al. 2021

Anisodamine is one of the major components of the tropine alkaloid family and is widely used in the treatment of pain, motion sickness, pupil dilatation, and detoxification of organophosphorus poisoning. As a muscarinic receptor antagonist, the low toxicity and moderate drug effect of anisodamine often result in high doses for clinical use, making it important to fully investigate its toxicity. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 1.3-, 2.6-, and 5.2-mM anisodamine for 7 days to study the toxic effects of drug exposure on pigmentation, mineral density, craniofacial area, and eye development. The results showed that exposure to anisodamine at 1.3 mM resulted in cranial malformations and abnormal pigmentation in zebrafish embryos; 2.6-and 5.2-mM anisodamine resulted in significant eye development defects and reduced bone density in zebrafish embryos. The associated toxicities were correlated with functional development of neural crest cells through gene expression (col1a2, ddb1, dicer1, mab21l1, mab21l2, sox10, tyrp1b, and mitfa) in the dose of 5.2-mM exposed group. In conclusion, this study provides new evidence of the developmental toxicity of high doses of anisodamine in aqueous solutions to organisms and provides a warning for the safe use of this drug.

Section: Anisodamine Exposure To Zebrafish Embryos Caused Morphologic...mentioning

confidence: 64%

Anisodamine affects the pigmentation, mineral density, craniofacial area, and eye development in zebrafish embryos

Chen

J of Applied Toxicology

et al. 2021

“…The GO term “embryonic viscerocranium morphogenesis”, which encompasses a set of genes involved in the generation and organization of the facial skeleton, also included ASE genes directly implicated in tooth and jaw formation (Table S8). For instance, Dlx3b and Dlx1a , genes encoding members of the Dlx family of homeodomain transcription factors [35], are involved in tooth and jaw patterning in mammals and fish [36,37]. Thus, biased directionality of this process category may reflect selection for morphological changes to the freshwater fish in the facial region related to feeding morphology.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following priors were selected to describe groups: θ(𝒩)∼Beta (2000,2000) θ(ℳ)∼ ½Beta(80,36)+ ½Beta (36,80) θ(𝒮)∼ ½Beta(80,7)+½Beta (7,80) Densities of the prior distributions for the proportion of allelic counts are found ins Figure S9. Parameters for Beta distributions were chosen to clearly separate the three groups from each other to allow the classification of tissues to a particular group, following Pirinen et al [23].…”

Section: Assessing Heterogeneity In Allele-specific Expression Across...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of spatial and temporalcis-regulatory divergence between marine and freshwater sticklebacks

Mack

Square

Zhao

et al. 2022

Preprint

Cis-regulatory changes are thought to play a major role in adaptation. Threespine sticklebacks have repeatedly colonized freshwater habitats in the Northern Hemisphere, where they have evolved a suite of phenotypes that distinguish them from marine populations, including changes in physiology, behavior, and morphology. To understand the role of gene regulatory evolution in adaptive divergence, here we investigate cis-regulatory changes in gene expression between marine and freshwater ecotypes through allele-specific expression (ASE) in F1 hybrids. Surveying seven ecologically relevant tissues, including three sampled across two developmental stages, we identified cis-regulatory divergence affecting a third of genes, nearly half of which were tissue-specific. Next, we compared allele-specific expression in dental tissues at two timepoints to characterize cis-regulatory changes during development between marine and freshwater fish. Applying a genome-wide test for selection on cis-regulatory changes, we find evidence for lineage-specific selection on several processes, including the Wnt signaling pathway in dental tissues. Finally, we show that genes with ASE, particularly those that are tissue-specific, are enriched in genomic regions associated with marine-freshwater divergence, supporting an important role for cis-regulatory differences in adaptive evolution of sticklebacks. Altogether, our results provide insight into the cis-regulatory landscape of divergence between stickleback ecotypes and supports a fundamental role for cis-regulatory changes in rapid adaptation to new environments.

“…Subsequently, the SDL expands to form a replacement tooth germ. Naïve SDL in zebrafish expresses nine genes ( bmpr1aa , bmp6 , cd34 , gli1 , igfbp5a , lgr4 , lgr6 , nfatc1 , and pitx2 ), and active Wnt signaling and Lef1 are expressed during the early morphogenesis of the teeth (Pang et al, 2020). Rspo3 is a key regulator of Wnt signaling and it functions in the maintenance of teeth rather than tooth development, either by regulating tooth integrity or tooth regeneration in zebrafish.…”

Section: Craniomaxillofacial Developmental Disorders Of Zebrafishmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…dlx3b . An abnormal morphology of teeth with a reduction in mineral content was visible in dlx3b −/− zebrafish, suggesting that dlx3b is critical for enamel mineralization in zebrafish (Pang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Craniomaxillofacial Developmental Disorders Of Zebrafishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of zebrafish in the study of craniomaxillofacial developmental anomalies

Fan

Tian

et al. 2022

Birth Defects Research

Craniomaxillofacial developmental anomalies are one of the most prevalent congenital defects worldwide and could result from any disruption of normal development processes, which is generally influenced by interactions between genes and the environment. Currently, with the advances in genetic screening strategies, an increasing number of novel variants and their roles in orofacial diseases have been explored. Zebrafish is recognized as a powerful animal model, and its homologous genes and similar oral structure and development process provide an ideal platform for studying the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to human craniofacial malformations. Here, we reviewed zebrafish models for the study of craniomaxillofacial developmental anomalies, such as human nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without an affected palate and jaw and tooth developmental anomalies. Due to its potential for gene expression and regulation research, zebrafish may provide new perspectives for understanding craniomaxillofacial diseaseand its treatment.