Mutagenicity, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of Ricinus communis different parts

Abstract

Ricinus communis (castor plant) is a potent medicinal plant, which is commonly used in the treatment of various ailments. The present study was conducted to appraise the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of R. communis along with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by hemolytic and brine shrimp assays, whereas Ames test (TA98 and TA100) was used for mutagenicity evaluation. Plant different parts were extracted in methanol by shaking, sonication and Soxhlet extraction methods. The R. communis methanolic extracts showed promising antioxidant activity evaluated as through total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH free radical inhibition, reducing power and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation. R. communis seeds, stem, leaves, fruit and root methanolic extracts showed mild to moderate cytotoxicity against red blood cells (RBCs) of human and bovine. Brine shrimp lethality also revealed the cytotoxic nature of extracts with LC 50 in the range of 0.22-3.70 (µg/mL) (shaking), 1.59-60.92 (µg/mL) (sonication) and 0.72-33.60 (µg/mL) (Soxhlet), whereas LC 90 values were in the range of 345. 42-1695.81, 660.50-14,794.40 and 641.62-15,047.80 µg/mL for shaking, sonication and Soxhlet extraction methods, respectively. R. communis methanolic extracts revealed mild mutagenicity against TA98 (range 1975 ± 67 to 2628 ± 79 revertant colonies) and TA100 (range 2773 ± 92 to 3461 ± 147 revertant colonies) strains and these values were 3267 ± 278 and 4720 ± 346 revertant colonies in case of TA98 and TA100 positive controls, respectively. R. communis methanolic extracts prevented the H 2 O 2 and UV to Plasmid pBR 322 DNA oxidative damage. Results revealed that R. communis is a potential source of bioactive compounds and in future studies the bioactive compounds will be identified by advanced spectroscopic techniques.

Nutraceutical potential of ripe and unripe plantain peels: A comparative study

“…Fat and carbohydrate are good sources of energy for livestock and humans. Crude fibre content in diets have been reported to aid digestive processes; promoting health in livestock and humans (Abubakar et al, 2016) and these findings are in line with previous reports indicating the bioactivity and application of peels of various plants (Abbas et al, 2018;Abdel Aziz et al, 2018;Ahad et al, 2018;Derakhshan et al, 2018;Garrafa-Galvez et al, 2019;Gurumallesh et al, 2019;Hu et al, 2019;Jridi et al, 2019;Kharchoufi et al, 2018;Kokila et al, 2016;Lakkab et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2017;Rodsamran and Sothornvit, 2019;Xu et al, 2019).…”

UV/H2O2, UV/H2O2/SnO2 and Fe/H2O2 based advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of disperse violet 63 in aqueous medium

“…When increased quantity of H 2 O 2 is added to solution, then additional hydroxyl radicals are obtainable for oxidation of dye. As a result, there must be appropriate amount of H 2 O 2 for the effective dyes removal [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Therefore, H 2 O 2 should be introduced at an optimal concentration to obtain best degradation and the optimum concentration was 9% H 2 O 2 .…”

Ricin and Ricinus communis in pharmacology and toxicology-from ancient use and “Papyrus Ebers” to modern perspectives and “poisonous plant of the year 2018”

“…Consequently, in animal studies elevated plasma ALT and AST levels were found upon administration of ricin A chain, indicating hepatotoxicity and increasing inflammatory responses (Buonocore et al 2011). Finally, it has also been shown that seeds, stem, leaves and root methanolic extracts from Ricinus communis induced mild to moderate cytotoxicity against human or bovine red blood cells and also exerted mild mutagenicity (Abbas et al 2018).…”