Mutagenicity- and pollutant-emission factors of pellet-fueled gasifier cookstoves: Comparison with other combustion sources

Champion, Wyatt M.; Warren, Sarah H.; Kooter, Ingeborg M.; Preston, William; Krantz, Q. Todd; DeMarini, David M.; Jetter, James J.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139488

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The important role of PAHs, aromatic amines, nitro-PAHs, and so forth, in the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of air and combustion emissions is reflected in the mutation spectra, that is, the types of mutations, induced by such complex mixtures in the base-substitution strain TA100 of Salmonella. Thus, G to T is the predominant base substitution induced in the presence of S9 by PM from air and its base/ neutral fraction (DeMarini et al, 1994b) F I G U R E 9 Correlation between mutagenicity and PAH emission factors for (a) agricultural (polyethylene) plastic and kerosene burned in a rotary kiln (Linak et al, 1989), (b) simulated biomass burning (Kim et al, 2018), and (c) cookstoves (Champion et al, 2020;Mutlu et al, 2016); data from Tables 1 and 2 mutation than does the PAH B[a]P or the aromatic amine 4aminobiphenyl (DeMarini, 2000;DeMarini et al, 1996;Kucab et al, 2019;Levine et al, 1994).…”

Section: Mutation Spectra Of Organics From Air and Combustion Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mutagenicity emission factors in Salmonella TA98 + S9 for wood burned in a variety of ways, going from controlled combustion on the left to more open burning on the right. Data for pellet stove from Champion et al (2020); for boiler and fireplace from DeMarini and Lewtas (1995); and for forced‐draft (FD) stove, natural‐draft (ND) stove, and three‐stone fire (3‐SF) from Mutlu et al (2016). Error measurements were not reported for the boiler and fireplace, preventing an overall analysis of significant differences among the samples…”

Section: Pm‐associated Mutagenicity Emission Factors Of Combustion Em...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are strong correlations ( r ≥ .9) between the mutagenicity emission factors and pollutant emission factors for a variety of cookstoves burning wood (Champion et al, 2020; Mutlu et al, 2016). These pollutants include total PAHs, PM, PM 2.5 , organic carbon (OC), total hydrocarbons (THC), and methane (CH 4 ).…”

Section: Correlations Between Mutagenicity and Pollutant Emission Fac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Correlation between mutagenicity and PAH emission factors for (a) agricultural (polyethylene) plastic and kerosene burned in a rotary kiln (Linak et al, 1989), (b) simulated biomass burning (Kim et al, 2018), and (c) cookstoves (Champion et al, 2020; Mutlu et al, 2016); data from Tables 1 and 2 …”

Section: Correlations Between Mutagenicity and Pollutant Emission Fac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of combustion emissions are impacted more by combustor technology than by fuel composition: A brief review

DeMarini

Linak

2022

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Studies during the past 50 years have characterized the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of extractable organic material (EOM) of particulate matter (PM) in ambient air and from combustion emissions. We have summarized conclusions from these studies and present data supporting those conclusions for 50 combustion emissions, including carcinogenic potencies on mouse skin (papillomas/mouse/mg EOM), mutagenic potencies (revertants/μg EOM) in the Salmonella (Ames) mutagenicity assay, and mutagenicity emission factors (revertants/kg fuel or revertants/MJthermal) in Salmonella. Mutagenic potencies of EOM from PM in ambient air and combustion emissions span 1–2 orders of magnitude, respectively. In contrast, the revertants/m3 span >5 orders of magnitude due to variable PM concentrations in ambient air. Carcinogenic potencies of EOM from combustion emissions on mouse skin and EOM‐associated human lung cancer risk from those emissions both span ~3 orders of magnitude and are highly associated. The ubiquitous presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitroarenes, and aromatic amines results in mutagenic and carcinogenic potencies of PM that span only 1–3 orders of magnitude; most PM induces primarily G to T mutations. Mutagenicity emission factors of combustion emissions span 3–5 orders of magnitude and correlate with PAH emission factors (r > 0.9). Mutagenicity emission factors were largely a function of how material was burned (highly efficient modern combustors versus open burning) rather than what materials were burned. Combustion systems that minimize kinetic and mass‐transfer limitations and promote complete oxidation also minimize the mutagenicity of their emissions. This fundamental engineering principle can inform environmental and public health assessments of combustion emissions.

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Section: Mutation Spectra Of Organics From Air and Combustion Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pm‐associated Mutagenicity Emission Factors Of Combustion Em...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Correlations Between Mutagenicity and Pollutant Emission Fac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Correlations Between Mutagenicity and Pollutant Emission Fac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of combustion emissions are impacted more by combustor technology than by fuel composition: A brief review

DeMarini

Linak

2022

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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“…They are formed by densified biomass, and their quality depends on chemical, mechanical, and physical biomass properties [12]. The main advantages linked to them include avoidance of significant levels of emissions compared to fossil fuels [13], a potential reduction in heating costs, an increased comfort [14], and an improvement in calorific value in relation to biomass without densification [15,16]. Besides, pellet quality can be improved using co-pelletization [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Varieties and Organic Fertilizer in the Elaboration of a New Poplar-Straw Pellet and Its Emissions in a Domestic Boiler

et al. 2020

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Pollutants resulting from domestic combustion would have harmful effects on public health, causing disturbances in the atmosphere chemistry and the climate. In this work, the emissions from the combustion of pellets made of 80% poplar (organically fertilized) and 20% cereal straw (Triticum aestivum) have been analysed. Poplar wood from I-214 and AF-8 clones was obtained from fertilized and non-fertilized plots (CONTROL). Dairy wastewater treatment (MUD) and dehydrated sewage sludge (BIOSOLIDS) were the fertilizers employed. BIOSOLIDS-I214 pellets had lower quality standards, so its combustion was omitted. A flue gas sample was sampled together with the particles emitted. The I-214 MUD sample had the highest emitted CO value (1505 mg/MJ). Regarding HCl emission factors, there was a homogeneity in the results linked with the Cl content present in the raw material. A higher particle emission was associated with pellets with higher ash content. Particles were composed mainly for elemental carbon (26–80 mg/MJ), except I-214 MUD. I-214 pellets had the indicators of incomplete combustion and, therefore, major contaminants emission and major environmental impact. Thus, both the poplar clone and the organic fertilizer influenced the parameters and emissions analysed. Therefore, special attention must be paid to both characteristics.

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The use of spider webs in the monitoring of air quality—A review

Stojanowska

Zeynalli

Wróbel

et al. 2022

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Methods for using spider webs as passive air samplers have been developed over recent years and reported in more than a dozen articles. In this article, we present the typical procedures followed when using this new tool and critically review its application in air pollution assessment. To understand the state of research and application of spider webs in this field, we describe some advantages and disadvantages of their use in the analyses of air contaminants. The aim is to summarize the current knowledge on this subject, highlight gaps in the present studies, and arouse the interest of scientists on this issue. The increased effort could result in the standardization of the method at the national and international level.

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Mutagenicity- and pollutant-emission factors of pellet-fueled gasifier cookstoves: Comparison with other combustion sources

Cited by 16 publications

References 52 publications

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of combustion emissions are impacted more by combustor technology than by fuel composition: A brief review

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of combustion emissions are impacted more by combustor technology than by fuel composition: A brief review

Influence of Varieties and Organic Fertilizer in the Elaboration of a New Poplar-Straw Pellet and Its Emissions in a Domestic Boiler

The use of spider webs in the monitoring of air quality—A review

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