Mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of Salacia crassifolia (mart. Ex. Schult.) G. Don. evaluated by Ames test

Abstract

Salacia crassifolia (Mart. Ex. Schult.) G. Don. is a bush which belongs to Celastraceae family and occurs specially in Brazilian Cerrado. Its leaves, stem, seeds and fruits are popularly used for several medicinal purposes, such as antitumoral, antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial. In this study, the mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of S. crassifolia stem bark fractions (hexane, ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic) were evaluated by the Ames mutagenicity assay in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains. By the obtained results, all S. crassifolia fractions did not significantly increase the number of prototrophic revertants for histidine (His + ) in both S. typhimurium strains tested (p > 0.05), suggesting absence of mutagenicity. Regarding antimutagenicity, the fractions ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic significantly decreased the number of His + revertants colonies induced by positive control for strain TA98 (p < 0.05), demonstrating protection against mutagenicity induced by 4-nitroquinolile1-oxide, whereas the hexane fraction did not show antimutagenic effect in this strain. In the TA100 strain, all fractions of S. crassifolia protected DNA against the harmful action of sodium azide, and the hexane fraction exhibited the greatest protection in this work. Thus, it's possible conclude that the fractions of S. crassifolia tested in this study could be used in chemoprevention.Keywords: Salacia crassifolia, stem bark fractions, ames test, absence of mutagenicity, antimutagenicity. + induzidas pelo controle positive para a cepa TA98 (p < 0.05), demonstrando sua ação protetora contra a mutagenicidade induzida por 4-nitroquinolile1-oxide, enquanto a fração hexânica não demonstrou efeito antimutagênico nesta cepa. Na cepa TA100, todas as frações de S. crassifolia protegeram o DNA contra a ação lesiva de azida sódica, e a fração hexânica exibiu a maior proteção desse trabalho. Assim, concluímos que as frações de S. crassifolia testadas neste estudo poderiam ser utilizadas em quimioprevenção. Mutagenicitade e antimutagenicidade dePalavras-chave: Salacia crassifólia, frações da casca do caule, teste de ames, ausência de mutagenicidade, antimutagenicidade.

Mutagenic Study of Benzimidazole Derivatives with (+S9) and without (−S9) Metabolic Activation

“…As presented in Table 2 and Table 3, there was no mutagenic activity observed in all benzimidazole derivatives (1–4), at any tested dose, in both standard tester strains of S. typhimurium (TA98 and TA100) in the absence of the S9 metabolic activation system. None of the tester strains showed an MI ≥ 2 or any dose–response effect, suggesting the absence of potential mutagenic activity [6,18,20]. Moreover, the numbers of revertant colonies were comparable between all treated groups and the negative control group, as illustrated in Figure 3 and Figure 5.…”

“…The MI was calculated by dividing the average number of revertant colonies per plate (from test plates) with the average number of revertant colonies per plate (from negative control plates). The result was considered to be mutagenic when the MI was equal to or greater than 2 (MI ≥ 2) in at least one of the tested doses [6,18,20]. The SAR was analyzed based on the results obtained.MI=Average number of revertant colonies in test platesAverage number of revertant colonies in negative control plates…”

Three species of Verbascum L. from Northwest Anatolia of Turkey as a source of biological activities

“…Mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of medically used Salacia crassifolia root shell fractions (hexane, ethyl acetate, and hydroalcoholic) were investigated using S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains. There was no mutagenic effect and high antimutagenic activity was present in hexane of strain TA100 [51].…”