Mutagenic Effectivity of Cadmium Sulphide and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Some Physiological and Cytological Attributes of <i>Lathyrus sativus</i> L.

Abstract

Dry seeds (moisture content: 17.50%) of Lathyrus sativus L. (Family: Fabaceae, common name grass pea) are exposed (doses: 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 µg mL 1 , duration: 3 and 6 h) to chemically synthesized cadmium sulphide and copper oxide nanoparticle (NP) treatments for assessment of genotoxic potentiality. The objective of the work is to foresee whether the NPs possess effective mutagenic potentiality. Result is significant in the direction of underlined objective.

Influence of Relative Humidity on Germination and Metal Accumulation in Vigna radiata Exposed to Metal-based Nanoparticles

“…Similar to humidity, the concentration-dependent reduction in seed germination when exposed to M-NPs has been reported by many studies [9,13]. There was no inhibition of germination under an M-NPs exposure level of 0.1 to 10 mg L −1 at 80% humidity test, indicating that V. radiata tolerates this range of exposure.…”

“…Therefore, many toxicity studies on seed germination have reported the effect of M-NPs as well as accumulation in biomass [5,6]. There have been reports of the inhibition of seed germination, seedling growth, and root elongation of various plant species by the nanoparticles CdS [7][8][9], CuS [8], CuO [9,10], ZnO [11], as well as rare earth nanoparticles [12]. However, to better understand these effects, studies are needed that apply a mixture of metals.…”

“…Therefore, this study uses metal oxide nanoparticles (CuO and CdO) as pollutants exposed to Vigna radiata. Additionally, two studies tested the germination of Lathyrus sativus L [9] and Coriandrum sativum [17] seeds pretreated with M-NPs (CuS and CdO) for 2 to 6 h. Binary mixtures of these M-NPs and the humidity effect was not tested in these studies. Therefore, these two aspects are considered in this study.…”

Assessment of Cytotoxic Effects of Aqueous and Methanolic Leaf Extracts of <i>Clerodendrum inerme</i> (L.) Gaertn. and <i>C. viscosum</i> Vent. Using <i>Allium</i> Test

“…Thus, plant extracts seem to bring about the blockage of cells into mitosis and induce chromosomal aberrations. Aberration types suggest that plant extracts as alike to mutagenic agents may cause change of chromosome organization resulting in stickiness of chromosomes and chromatin disorganization (Gaulden 1987) apart from inducing chromosomal breakages which form rings, bridges, fragments and micronuclei, affecting spindle apparatus resulting to formation of polyploid cells, multipolarity and laggards and causing cellular metabolic disturbances (Ghosh et al 2017) resulting in failure of cytokinesis and giant cell formation. Cytological aberrations are not detected in any treatment of methanolic extracts for both the species of Clerodendrum excepting 0.5 and 1.0 extracts of C. viscosum.…”

History and New Developments on the 90th Anniversary of Cytologia: On the Occasion of the Publication of “Dawn of Modern Wheat Genetics”

“…Edible grains from other plant families, such as buckwheat (Polygonaceae) (Gupta et al 2018), quinoa (Amaranthaceae), chia (Lamiaceae), and sesame (Pedaliaceae) (Das et al 2018) are referred to as pseudocereals. In addition to these plants, a large number of papers on legumes have been published in Cytologia, indicating the diversity of food available in India (Ghosh et al 2017, Chaudhary and Kumar 2017, Gosavi et al 2017, Kumar and Singh 2018, Egypt (Siddiqui et al 2018), and Mexico (Tapia-Pastrana et al 2018). The 90-year history of Cytologia shows that karyotype analysis is an excellent tool for diversity research.…”