Mutagenic Activity (Ames Test) of Wood-Preserving Waste Sludge Applied to Soil

Barbee, G. C.; Brown, K. W.; Thomas, James C.; Donnelly, Kirby C.; Murray, Hannah

doi:10.1007/s001289900155

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…The Ames Salmonella microsome bioassay [12] was performed on the acetonitrile soil extract [13] at the start and after 44, 90, 180, and 373 d of treatment. The Salmonella test strain TA98, with and without metabolic activation (S9), was used because this strain has been recognized as the most sensitive in detecting mutagenic activity of carcinogenic PAH in petroleum wastes [7]. The liver homogenate (S9) was prepared from hamsters pretreated with 3‐methyl‐cholanthrene (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) [14] and calibrated with benzo[ a ]pyrene (5 μg/plate).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that, alone or with a battery of complementary bioassays, the Ames Salmonella microsome bioassay can be effective in monitoring the fate of mutagenic constituents in the soil environment [5–7]. Some of these studies indicate that a persistent mutagenic residue may remain in soils amended with PAH‐containing sludges and could pose a health risk to those coming into contact with the soil, soil runoff water, or soil leachate [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of petrochemical sludge concentrations on changes in mutagenic activity during soil bioremediation process

Morelli

Vecchioli

Panno

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The present study was performed to assess the effect of the petrochemical sludge application rate on the mutagenic activity (Ames test) of soil and the persistence of mutagenic activity during laboratory soil bioremediation process. Sludge-soil systems were prepared at four different sludge application rates (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10% w/w). Unamended soil was used as a control. Immediately following sludge application, in the absence or presence of S9, a linear correlation between sludge application rates and mutagenicity was found but differed significantly (p < 0.05) from the control system only at higher application rates (5 and 10% w/w). The direct mutagenicity of all systems decreases during the bioremediation process, and after a year of treatment only the 10% system induced a mutagenic response that was significantly different from the control system. On the other hand, an initial increase of the indirect mutagenicity was observed at all application rates. The time required for observing this increase was inversely proportional to the initial sludge concentration. After a year of treatment, the indirect mutagenicity of all sludge-amended soils was not significantly different but was significantly different from the unamended soils. The persistence of the direct mutagenic activity of the sludge-amended soils was related to the sludge concentration, whereas the indirect mutagenic persistence was related to the relationship between easily degradable hydrocarbons and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons concentration and independent from the initial application rate.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of petrochemical sludge concentrations on changes in mutagenic activity during soil bioremediation process

Morelli

Vecchioli

Panno

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…and groundwater contaminated with creosote (1,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). There are many methods available to remediate a hazardous waste site soil (18)(19)(20)(21)(22).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of bioremediated soils from the Reilly Tar site, St. Louis Park, Minnesota.

Hughes

Claxton

Brooks

et al. 1998

Environ Health Perspect

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An in vitro approach was used to measure the genotoxicity of creosote-contaminated soil before and after four bioremediation processes. water-soluble mutagens accounted for 40% of the total mutagenic activity and they were stable at room temperature. The mutagenic activity in the bioslurry and biopile samples was due to either the processes themselves or to the added sludge/manure amendments. The in vitro approach was effective in monitoring bioremediated soils for genotoxicity and will be useful in future laboratory and in situ studies.

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“…Some studies have also shown that the genotoxicity of PAH-contaminated soils decreases during bioremediation [Aprill et al, 1990; Alexander et al, 2002], and as a result of soil aging [Alexander and Alexander, 1999]. However, others have shown substantial increases in genotoxicity following remediation [Hughes et al, 1998], or initial increases in mutagenicity followed by decreases during extended periods of remediation [Barbee et al, 1992, 1996]. The latter results as well as other published works that examined temporal changes in the mutagenic activity of contaminated soils undergoing remediation [e.g., Brown et al, 1986; Aprill et al, 1990; Donnelly et al, 1990] suggest that longer periods of remediation may be required to significantly reduce the mutagenic hazard of a contaminated soil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenicity of an aged gasworks soil during bioslurry treatment

Lemieux

Lynes

White

et al. 2009

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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This study investigated changes in the mutagenic activity of organic fractions from soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during pilot-scale bioslurry remediation. Slurry samples were previously analyzed for changes in PAH and polycyclic aromatic compound content, and this study examined the correspondence between the chemical and toxicological metrics. Nonpolar neutral and semipolar aromatic fractions of samples obtained on days 0, 3, 7, 24, and 29 of treatment were assayed for mutagenicity using the Salmonella mutation assay. Most samples elicited a significant positive response on Salmonella strains TA98, YG1041, and YG1042 with and without S9 metabolic activation; however, TA100 failed to detect mutagenicity in any sample. Changes in the mutagenic activity of the fractions across treatment time and metabolic activation conditions suggests a pattern of formation and transformation of mutagenic compounds that may include a wide range of PAH derivatives such as aromatic amines, oxygenated PAHs, and S-heterocyclic compounds. The prior chemical analyses documented the formation of oxygenated PAHs during the treatment (e.g., 4-oxapyrene-5-one), and the mutagenicity analyses showed high corresponding activity in the semipolar fraction with and without metabolic activation. However, it could not be verified that these specific compounds were the underlying cause of the observed changes in mutagenic activity. The results highlight the need for concurrent chemical and toxicological profiling of contaminated sites undergoing remediation to ensure elimination of priority contaminants as well as a reduction in toxicological hazard. Moreover, the results imply that remediation efficacy and utility be evaluated using both chemical and toxicological metrics. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Mutagenic Activity (Ames Test) of Wood-Preserving Waste Sludge Applied to Soil

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of petrochemical sludge concentrations on changes in mutagenic activity during soil bioremediation process

Effect of petrochemical sludge concentrations on changes in mutagenic activity during soil bioremediation process

Genotoxicity of bioremediated soils from the Reilly Tar site, St. Louis Park, Minnesota.

Mutagenicity of an aged gasworks soil during bioslurry treatment

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