Muslim sein – eine Frage der Person

From Many to One to Many—the Search for Causes of Psychiatric Illness

“…Although the definitive infectious etiology of GPI was not proven until early in the 20th century, the distinctiveness of the syndrome—its specific neurologic signs and rapid deteriorative course—were well recognized by the mid-19th century. For example, in describing his research program for turning psychiatric syndromes in diseases, Hecker saw GPI as the paradigmatic successful example: “The only real disease form, which has gained entry into psychiatry, provides the best evidence for this: the so-called progressive paralysis of the insane [AKA GPI].” (p353) Many other descriptions in the late 19th century by prominent neuropsychiatrists, including Kraepelin, document the paradigmatic role played by GPI in the search for monocausal psychiatric disorders (eg, see Kahlbaum, (p27) Behr, (p5) Daraszkiewicz, (p10) and Kraepelin (p132) ).…”

Edward Spitzka's 1883 Textbook

“…By contrast, Kraepelin was, in his long academic career, professor (that is head) of the Department of Psychiatry of two of the most distinguished departments in the German-speaking world Heidelberg and Munich (Engstrom, 1991). He trained many students who did theses on topics of particular interest to him, for example, Daraszkiewicz on hebephrenia (Daraszkiewicz, 1892; Kendler, 2020b), Behr on catatonia (Behr, 1891; Kendler, 2020a), and Dreyfus on involutional melancholia (Dreyfus, 1907; Kendler and Engstrom, 2020). He was able to launch research programs especially in Heidelberg and, later, Munich that examined specifically the relationship between clinical presentation and course of illness (Engstrom, 1991).…”

The Development of Kraepelin’s Concept of Dementia Praecox

“…It was at this time, surely no accident, that Kraepelin commissioned 2 students to do dissertations involving literature reviews and clinical studies of catatonia and hebephrenia …”

“…Here, I provide an overview and synthesis aided by reviews of critical parts of his fourth, fifth, and sixth editions; his autobiography; published lectures of Kraepelin from 1896 and 1899; and his student Aschaffenburg in 1897 . I outline the main features of this story in Table 1 and the Figure . (Table 2 contains supplementary quotes.…”