Musical training and musical ability: Effects on chord discrimination

Kuusi, Tuire

doi:10.1177/0305735613511504

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Practicing has been shown to turn processes that initially require conscious control into automatic processes, thus leaving limited attentional resources available for higher-order processes (Jansma, Ramsey, Slagter & Kahn, 2001). For professional musicians, these processes are related to performing and practicing an instrument as well as analyzing and conceptualizing music (Kuusi, 2015; van Zuijen, 2006). Practicing harmonies can enhance both conceptually-based strategies and perceptually-driven mechanisms (Goldstone, 1994) that could facilitate the identification of music from chords.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting chord progressions with specific pieces of music

Jimenez

Kuusi

2017

Psychology of Music

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Musicians can conceptualize harmony in terms of its connection to specific pieces of music. However, research appears to indicate that harmony plays a relatively unimportant role in music identification tasks. The present study examines the ability of listeners of varying levels of musical expertise to identify music from chord progressions. Participants were asked to identify well-known classical and pop/rock pieces from their chord progressions, which were recorded using either piano tones or Shepard tones and were played at six transpositional levels. Although musical training and invariance of surface melodic and rhythmic features were found to have an advantageous effect on the identification task, even some non-musicians were able to identify music from chord progressions in conditions of low invariance of surface features. Implications of these results for our understanding of how listeners mentally represent and remember harmony are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting chord progressions with specific pieces of music

Jimenez

Kuusi

2017

Psychology of Music

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“…Exposure to musical practices and the resulting musical enculturation leads to facilitated processing of music of one's own culture, even without explicit training (Hannon & Trainor, 2007;Virtala & Tervaniemi, 2017). The process of enculturation is modified, e.g., by motivation (Virtala & Tervaniemi, 2017), and the perception and judgment of consonance/dissonance is connected to familiarity, emotions, preferences, learning, musical expertise, and knowledge of tonal hierarchy (Arthurs et al, 2018;Johnson-Laird, Kang, & Leong, 2012;Kuusi, 2015;Lahdelma & Eerola, 2016;Omigie, Dellacherie, & Samson, 2017;Parncutt & Hair, 2011;Popescu et al, 2019;Rehding, 2019;Virtala & Tervaniemi, 2017). In particular, musicians have been shown to outperform nonmusicians in behaviorally discriminating chords and dissonance from consonance (see, e.g., Kung et al, 2014;Sares et al, 2018;Virtala et al, 2014).…”

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Musical Expertise Facilitates Dissonance Detection On Behavioral, Not On Early Sensory Level

et al. 2020

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Consonance and dissonance are basic phenomena in the perception of chords that can be discriminated very early in sensory processing. Musical expertise has been shown to facilitate neural processing of various musical stimuli, but it is unclear whether this applies to detecting consonance and dissonance. Our study aimed to determine if sensitivity to increasing levels of dissonance differs between musicians and nonmusicians, using a combination of neural (electroencephalographic mismatch negativity, MMN) and behavioral measurements (conscious discrimination). Furthermore, we wanted to see if focusing attention to the sounds modulated the neural processing. We used chords comprised of either highly consonant or highly dissonant intervals and further manipulated the degree of dissonance to create two levels of dissonant chords. Both groups discriminated dissonant chords from consonant ones neurally and behaviorally. The magnitude of the MMN differed only marginally between the more dissonant and the less dissonant chords. The musicians outperformed the nonmusicians in the behavioral task. As the dissonant chords elicited MMN responses for both groups, sensory dissonance seems to be discriminated in an early sensory level, irrespective of musical expertise, and the facilitating effects of musicianship for this discrimination may arise in later stages of auditory processing, appearing only in the behavioral auditory task.

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“…Consistent training in music has also been shown to induce a commonality in the cognitive characteristics of professional musicians. For instance, in instrumentalists, practicing music leads to a shift from an effortful controlled cognitive processing to an effortless automatic cognitive processing14, thus leaving the limited attentional abilities available for higher-order processes of music performance15. Music performance is also known to induce emotion-related psychophysiological responses and generate a robust brainstem encoding of linguistic pitch patterns1617.…”

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The effect of music performance on the transcriptome of professional musicians

Kanduri

Kuusi

Ahvenainen

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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Music performance by professional musicians involves a wide-spectrum of cognitive and multi-sensory motor skills, whose biological basis is unknown. Several neuroscientific studies have demonstrated that the brains of professional musicians and non-musicians differ structurally and functionally and that musical training enhances cognition. However, the molecules and molecular mechanisms involved in music performance remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the effect of music performance on the genome-wide peripheral blood transcriptome of professional musicians by analyzing the transcriptional responses after a 2-hr concert performance and after a ‘music-free' control session. The up-regulated genes were found to affect dopaminergic neurotransmission, motor behavior, neuronal plasticity, and neurocognitive functions including learning and memory. Particularly, candidate genes such as SNCA, FOS and DUSP1 that are involved in song perception and production in songbirds, were identified, suggesting an evolutionary conservation in biological processes related to sound perception/production. Additionally, modulation of genes related to calcium ion homeostasis, iron ion homeostasis, glutathione metabolism, and several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases implied that music performance may affect the biological pathways that are otherwise essential for the proper maintenance of neuronal function and survival. For the first time, this study provides evidence for the candidate genes and molecular mechanisms underlying music performance.

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Musical training and musical ability: Effects on chord discrimination

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Connecting chord progressions with specific pieces of music

Connecting chord progressions with specific pieces of music

Musical Expertise Facilitates Dissonance Detection On Behavioral, Not On Early Sensory Level

The effect of music performance on the transcriptome of professional musicians

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