“…The possibility that hearing acuity skewed the data is very low because we excluded from the study those patients with poor auditory function on a preoperative hearing test, and study patients adjusted the volume of music to their most comfortable level. In two prospective studies of elderly outpatients undergoing cataract surgery, music failed to reduce the level of anxiety during surgery, even though it increased overall patient satisfaction [15,16]. Therefore, it is possible that music on its own cannot affect sedative scores of elderly patients.…”