Music as a Motivational Factor in Second Language Acquisition: Cross-cultural Insights from Iraq, Turkey, Oman, Yemen, and Indonesia

Abstract

The use of music in second language teaching is important due to the large number of benefits it can bring to the students and the whole educational process. The present study investigates students’ and teachers’ perspectives on using music in five Muslim countries, namely, Iraq, Turkey, Oman, Yemen, and Indonesia. It also attempts to show whether there is any correlation between using music in English as a second language classes and students’ motivation, intelligence, and social skills. The other important thing that this study focuses on is the cultural and religious matters that may prevent using music in schools in the researched countries. The study comprises participants, teachers and students, from all the mentioned countries. The researchers used two online interviews with the respondents. The interviews with the students were conducted Arabic, Turkish, and Indonesian to facilitate reliable data collection from the students. The findings of the study show the very positive attitudes of teachers and students in relation to the use of music in all the countries mentioned. It clearly shows that basically all participants, i.e., both the students and the teachers are very much motivated to implement or use more music in their classes. It also shows the enthusiasm of teachers to use music in their daily lessons and how they are ready to have any required training on musical aids. Teachers were convinced that using music can enhance students’ motivation, intelligence, and social skills. So, no cultural or religious ideas, regarding not using music in classes, were mentioned. On the other hand, the present study constructs a global vision towards the main challenges of teachers when using music, namely, the lack of training, no extra time available, and no resources for supporting music rooms or musical aids.

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“…Student Satisfaction Academic Performance [9] How to investigate the quality standards of each university to the satisfaction students Student-Satisfaction Academic-Perform Support-Assessment [16] How to assess the learning outcome of student academic performance Academic-Perform [17] How TEL used to optimize SLO in universities Academic-Perform Continue Intention [18] effect of using Wiki to create, design and increase the knowledge of lecturers Course Content Perceived ease of use Perceived usefulness [3] How online assessment help in SLO Support-Assessment Student-Satisfaction…”

“…The result of this model demonstrates the advantages of technology utilization and performance. This approach makes use of the relationship between the individual characteristics that support the teacher's role for the student's e-learning system [14] [18]. The term "task distinguishing factor" refers to the course content when discussing the relationship between the teacher's understanding of the subject matter and students' acceptance of the e-learning system.…”

“…To boost student confidence and help them expand their data and knowledge, e-learning connects students and teachers virtually. The TTF factor task characteristic was used by Authors [13] (2017) to refer to the factor teacher-subject-knowledge from sources [18] Under the close supervision of an experienced teacher, teachers can connect with students online through open discussion and common groups to set up various discussion areas and develop a variety of strategies to boost their performance and knowledge when they engage in similar discussions with other students. In conclusion, the teacher-subject knowledge element was identified as a crucial component in the suggested theoretical model with the purpose of continuously enhancing the model through the usage of an e-learning system.…”

“…Students' intention to utilize the teaching and learning model to hone their learning skills is known as the e-learning model (IU) [18]. Constant desire to use means to support the ECT's component and the TAM's behavioral desire in order to continuously improve systems for student happiness in universities, [12] investigated the use of video blogs.…”

Exploring the Effectiveness of Songs for Learning Improvement: A Case of Elementary Level Students’ English Skills

“…Therefore, to be able to master English, we have to learn first. Habeb Al-Obaydi et al, (2022) suggest that Learning English at an early age is the right step to take. English learning at an early age is the right step for us to take.…”