Musculoskeletal stress markers in Natufian hunter‐gatherers and Neolithic farmers in the Levant: The upper limb

Eshed, Vered; Gopher, Avi; Galili, Ehud; Hershkovitz, Israel

doi:10.1002/ajpa.10312

Cited by 180 publications

(237 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Anthropologists and clinicians often presume morphological variability of long bone entheses result from strenuous, habitual activity, where muscle contractions are frequently recruited for limb movement (Kennedy, 1983;Hawkey, 1988;Lai and Lovell, 1992;Hawkey and Merbs, 1995;Chapman, 1997;Nagy, 1998;Peterson, 1998;Steen and Lane, 1998;Stirland, 1998;Cook and Dougherty, 2001;Benjamin et al, 2002Benjamin et al, , 2006Eshed et al, 2004). However, the relationship between soft and hard tissues, and its effect on enthesis morphology, lacks sufficient scientific testing.…”

Section: Interpreting Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Entheses: Bridging the Gap Between Clinical and Anthropological Perspectives

Schlecht

2012

The Anatomical Record

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An enthesis is the interface where tendon meets bone, providing both muscle anchorage and stress dissipation. Previous anthropological research suggests size and complexity of entheses observable in osteological material, are indicative of the strain magnitude resulting from repetitive muscle contractions during the performance of daily routines. These proposed ''musculoskeletal stress markers'' are routinely incorporated into bioarcheological studies as evidence of general activity patterns past human populations participated in. However, much of how this complex osteotendinous interface develops and responds to mechanical strains is poorly understood. The following review seeks to shed light on this structural enigma by synthesizing current findings in both the clinical and anthropological literature, in the interest of generating new conversations in how entheses respond to contractual forces and the systemic influences (i.e., genetics, hormones), that surround their morphological development. Only once we truly understand the etiology of tendon insertion sites, will the value of enthesial research in reconstructing human behavior be determined. Anat Rec, 295:1239Rec, 295: -1251Rec, 295: , 2012. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Keywords: musculoskeletal stress markers (MSM); fibrocartilaginous; tendon anatomy; tendon insertion; bone morphology Anthropologists regularly implement bone remodeling principles in response to mechanical loads to infer a causal relationship between muscle tendon insertions and activity levels. Previous research suggests size and complexity of tendon insertions are indicative of strain magnitude resulting from habitual physical activity (Lane, 1887;Kennedy, 1989;Hawkey and Merbs, 1995;Churchill and Morris, 1998;Hawkey, 1998;Steen and Lane, 1998;Stirland, 1998;Wilczak and Kennedy, 1998;Capasso et al., 1999;Weiss, 2003Weiss, , 2004Weiss, , 2007 alOumaoui et al., 2004;Molnar, 2006;Cardoso and Henderson, 2010;Thara et al., 2010;Havelkova et al., 2011). Using both qualitative and quantitative data to assess the expression of insertion morphology along long bone diaphyses, inferences are frequently made regarding both generalized and specific activities past humans participated in throughout their daily lives. Recognition of this potential relationship between mechanical strain and the osteotendinous interface has led many to refer to tendon insertions sites as musculoskeletal stress markers (MSM). However, more empirical analyses exploring the factors responsible for these proposed MSM are needed before we can confidently begin to assess individual behavior and draw population-based inferences from series of skeletal remains. With this lack of understanding in the etiology of periosteal tendon insertion morphology, particularly in the mechanical and structural relationship between soft and hard tissues, this interface should be referred to by the clinical term, enthesis.

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Section: Interpreting Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Entheses: Bridging the Gap Between Clinical and Anthropological Perspectives

Schlecht

2012

The Anatomical Record

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“…Musculoskeletal stress markers (MSM) [16], (called also as entheseal changes, entheses) [1,45], are bone changes manifested as increased complexity of the surface where a muscle, a tendon or a ligament inserts onto the periosteum and into the bony cortex [4,30], in response to the force connecting with physical activity [13,40]. That is why MSMs had been widely used as general level markers of physical activity in past populations [10,13,25,36,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Septal aperture aetiology: still more questions than answers

Myszka

2015

Folia Morphol

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“…When a bone avulsion injury occurs, new bone formation may be incorporated into the muscle tissue, and result in an exostosis. These osseous changes are relatively prevalent in adults after the growth of the skeletal system has been fully completed, and are often considered to reflect physical activities based on daily subsistence or habits during the lifetime of the individual (Hawkey and Merbs, 1995;Chapman, 1997;Churchill and Morris, 1998;Peterson, 1998;Steen and Lane, 1998;al-Oumaoui et al, 2004;Eshed et al, 2004;Molnar, 2006Molnar, , 2010Weiss, 2007;Lieverse et al, 2009Lieverse et al, , 2013Havelková et al, 2011;Schrader, 2012;Stefanović and Porčić, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age changes of musculoskeletal stress markers and their inter-period comparisons

Takigawa

2014

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This study examines the changes with age of 15 musculoskeletal stress markers (MSMs) in the upper and lower limb bones of modern Japanese with documented ages-at-death, on the basis of original scoring criteria corresponding to each advanced stage. The procedure investigated significant differences of mean scores among five age classes at intervals of 10 years from 20 to 69 years for each MSM, and also calculated Pearson's correlation coefficients between MSM scores and age-at-death. These examinations found that most MSMs had significant correlations with aging in both sexes. MSM data of the people from the Yoshigo shell-mound in the Jomon period (Yoshigo Jomon, c. 3000-2300 BP), the Doigahama site in the Yayoi period (Doigahama Yayoi, c. 2100-1800 BP), and modern Japanese were then compared between the 20-39 and 40-59 age categories (younger adult and older adult groups, respectively) for both sexes. Kruskal-Wallis tests found that many MSMs showed significant differences between periods in each age category. Mann-Whitney tests revealed that many MSMs of the prehistoric Yoshigo Jomon and Doigahama Yayoi showed few significant differences, whereas those of many modern Japanese differed significantly. Principal component analysis indicated that the results of a scatter diagram in the younger adult group were considerably different from those of the older adult group. These findings suggest that MSMs are age structured within human populations, but that differences also arise in association with intensity of activity.

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Musculoskeletal stress markers in Natufian hunter‐gatherers and Neolithic farmers in the Levant: The upper limb

Cited by 180 publications

References 26 publications

Understanding Entheses: Bridging the Gap Between Clinical and Anthropological Perspectives

Understanding Entheses: Bridging the Gap Between Clinical and Anthropological Perspectives

Septal aperture aetiology: still more questions than answers

Age changes of musculoskeletal stress markers and their inter-period comparisons

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