Musculoskeletal pain in patients with type 2 diabetes

The relationship between physical aspects of quality of life and extreme levels of regular physical activity in adults

“…Several studies reinforce the view that physical activity brings both immediate and long-term health benefits, wellness and physical independence in contrast with a sedentary lifestyle which is associated with physical symptoms of musculo-skeletal pain, the feeling of a lack of energy to carry out daily tasks, difficulties in walking as well as disturbed sleep 28,29,30 . A recent study showed that musculo-skeletal pain is more frequent among women than among men and was, in both genders, related to a high BMI, a sedentary lifestyle and impaired physical function 30 .…”

The Prevalence of Neck and Shoulder Symptoms and Associations with Comorbidities and Disability: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project

“…Neck and shoulder pain are of particular interest in this debate because they are non-weight bearing regions and thus less susceptible to symptoms caused by increased bearing of weight. To date, several studies have examined this specific association,(8, 15, 26, 28–30) but a consensus has not yet been reached. Cole et al found that greater than 25% of participants from a general Australian population with DM had shoulder pain or stiffness, which were more prevalent in the patient population with DM than in the patient population without DM; however, this was no longer true when the data was adjusted for obesity.…”

Relationship Between Skin Intrinsic Fluorescence—an Indicator of Advanced Glycation End Products—and Upper Extremity Impairments in Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus

“…[6][7][8][9] Limited joint mobility (LJM) is a systemic problem documented in the hands, shoulders, ankles and feet of people with DM. 4,[10][11][12][13][14][15] In its beginning stage, LJM at the shoulders and hands can be painless and go unnoticed, but may be a precursor to the severe upper extremity impairments associated with pain and/or disability. [13][14][15] The excessive accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) in the connective tissues is thought to contribute to LJM and the high incidence of musculoskeletal problems seen in DM.…”