Musculoskeletal Injuries in Master Swimmers: A National Survey in Turkey

Atilla, Halis Atıl; Akdoğan, Mutlu; Öztürk, Alper; Ertan, Mehmet Baris; Köse, Özkan

doi:10.7759/cureus.8421

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The most common site of injury was the shoulder (48 of 90 studied injuries). This is consistent with numerous studies indicating the high incidence of shoulder pain and pathologies among swimmers [2,3,5,7,9,10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Lower extremity injuries were most often localized to the knee (20 of 90 studied injuries).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…However, those with swimming-associated pain and a scoliosis diagnosis were included for analysis. Prior research has demonstrated that back pain is a common presenting complaint for swimmers [9,10,27]. Nyska studied four swimmers with low back pain and found that three specialized in "short-axis" swimming strokes -butterfly and breaststroke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, the term "swimmer's shoulder" has been used to describe anterior shoulder pain resulting from rotator cuff tendonitis and subacromial impingement [8]. Other common sites of injury include the neck, back, and knee [9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Competitive Swimming-Related Injuries in the Adolescent Athlete: A Retrospective Analysis

Orringer¹,

Miller²,

Pandya³

2021

Arch Phys Health Sport Med

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Introduction:Competitive swimmers exert repetitive stress on their bodies and this may contribute to injury development among these athletes. Prior research has demonstrated high rates of shoulder pathologies in swimmers, however, to date, the most common swimming-associated diagnoses in adolescent patients have not been well delineated.Methods: A retrospective review of our institution's medical record system was performed to identify pediatric and adolescent patients who were seen in our clinic for swimming injuries. Following chart review, injuryrelated data were then compiled for each patient including aggravating factors, diagnosis, diagnostic workup, and treatment protocol.Results: Among our cohort of 90 patients (mean age: 14.4 years) with swimming-related injuries, patellofemoral dysfunction (17), shoulder impingement ( 14), and rotator cuff pathology ( 14) were the most common diagnoses. Physical therapy was the most regularly prescribed treatment for swimming-associated injuries as well as rest from swimming and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Surgery is rarely indicated for swimmingassociated injuries in this population (5 patients). Conclusions:Common injury locations for pediatric and adolescent swimmers include the shoulder, knee, and lower back. Providers should be aware of the common diagnostic evaluation modalities (x-rays and MRI) and treatment options (physical therapy, rest from swimming) for patients with swimming-associated injuries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Competitive Swimming-Related Injuries in the Adolescent Athlete: A Retrospective Analysis

Orringer¹,

Miller²,

Pandya³

2021

Arch Phys Health Sport Med

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“…Back injuries are understood to be relatively common in swimmers and are thought to be from overuse. 1 , 13 Furthermore, overuse as well as excessive hyperextension has been indicated as a factor that predisposes swimmers to degenerative disk disease, spondylolysis, and spondylolisthesis. 24 As a result, it is not surprising that lumbar spine injuries were commonly observed in our series.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Health Events and Return to Sport in Collegiate Swimmers

Trikha

Schroeder

Greig

et al. 2022

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background: There is limited literature characterizing the incidence, variety, and effects of injuries and illnesses observed in elite swimmers. Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of injuries and illnesses affecting elite intercollegiate competitive swimmers. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: This retrospective study utilized a deidentified injury and illness database of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I swimmers in the Pacific Coast Conference from the academic years 2016 to 2017 and 2019 to 2020. A health event was defined as an illness or musculoskeletal injury that was identified by an athletic trainer or team physician. Musculoskeletal injuries and nonmusculoskeletal injuries and illnesses were stratified by body location. Injuries were further characterized as career-ending, season-ending, missed time but the athlete returned to sport in the same season, or those that did not cause missed time. Relative risk (RR) was used to compare the percentage of athletes affected between women and men, with statistical significance being defined by a 95% CI not including 1. Results: Included were 641 collegiate swimmers (301 male, 340 female). There were 1030 health events among 277 women and 173 men, with 635 (61.7%) occurring in women and 395 (38.3%) in men. There were 540 musculoskeletal injuries reported, most of which involved the shoulder (n = 126; 23.3%), spine (n = 95; 17.6%), foot/ankle/lower leg (n = 81; 15.0%), knee/thigh (n = 67; 12.4%), and hand/wrist/forearm (n = 52; 9.6%). A total of 490 nonmusculoskeletal health events were reported and included events such as respiratory tract infections (n = 119; 24.3%), unspecified medical illness (n = 93; 19.0%), concussions (n = 58; 11.8%), ear infections (n = 25; 5.1%), and gastrointestinal illnesses (n = 24; 4.9%). Compared with male swimmers, female swimmers were at a higher risk of sustaining both musculoskeletal injury (RR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.22-1.83) and nonmusculoskeletal injury/illness (RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.04-1.68). There were 58 documented concussions, with 8 (13.8%) being season-ending, but not career-ending and 14 (24.1%) being career-ending. Women had a higher rate of concussion (9.1% vs 4.3% for men; RR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.13-3.96). Conclusion: This retrospective study identified the most common injuries and illnesses observed among elite collegiate swimmers. Awareness of the incidence and outcome of injuries and illnesses that affect competitive swimmers may allow for more targeted analyses and injury prevention strategies.

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“…Publications have cited a generally high injury prevalence in UWR, 16 as well as specific injuries in UWR—for example, hamate fractures of the ball-carrying hand 1 , 14 , 22 and an increased incidence of back pain. 11 Atilla et al 2 characterized injuries of master swimmers by using a questionnaire for athletes. This method appeared useful to provide an overview of injuries in a sport and was used as such in this study of UWR.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Acute and Overuse Injuries in Underwater Rugby

Lutter,

Gräber,

Jones

et al. 2023

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background: Underwater rugby (UWR) is a team sport. Athletes require a high degree of strength, endurance, speed, and coordination involving intense physical contact. Currently, a paucity of literature exists regarding injury occurrence in UWR. Purpose: To examine the nature and prevalence of acute and overuse injuries in UWR. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Between November 2020 and March 2021, a total of 720 German UWR athletes were invited to take an online survey developed by orthopaedic specialists with UWR athletes. Data were recorded regarding general and health-related information, training habits, acute injuries that necessitated an interruption in training and/or doctor consultation, as well as overuse injuries. Overuse injuries were evaluated using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Overuse Injury Questionnaire. Statistical analyses included t tests or rank sum tests depending on normality of distribution. A nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis 1-way analysis of variance on ranks was used for nonnormally distributed data among several groups. Results: This study included 161 active athletes (mean ± SD, 36.1 ± 11.9 years old; 75.3% male) for analysis, of whom 90.1% were competing regularly. The performance-level distribution was as follows: first German national league (n = 73), second German national league (n = 46), state league (n = 17), district league (n = 1), and no league (n = 24). The mean ± SD sport-specific training workload was 5.6 ± 3.0 h/wk, including UWR training, additional swimming (n = 71; 44.1%), strength (n = 70; 43.5%), and/or endurance training (n = 102; 63.4%). Acute injuries were recorded in 78.9% of all athletes. The most typical locations for acute injuries were hand/finger (42.4%), head/face (concussion, ruptured eardrum; 18.1%), wrist (5.5%), or spine (5.0%). Overuse injuries were reported by 42.9% of the participants. The predominant locations for overuse injuries were hand/finger (18.8%), shoulder/clavicle (14.1%), spine and wrist (10.7% each), head/face (8.7%), and ankle joint and knee (6.7% each). Conclusion: In the current study, 3 of 4 athletes reported at least 1 acute injury, and 2 of 5 athletes reported at least 1 overuse injury. Leading injury regions were the hand/finger, head/ear, wrist, and spine.

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Musculoskeletal Injuries in Master Swimmers: A National Survey in Turkey

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Competitive Swimming-Related Injuries in the Adolescent Athlete: A Retrospective Analysis

Competitive Swimming-Related Injuries in the Adolescent Athlete: A Retrospective Analysis

Characterizing Health Events and Return to Sport in Collegiate Swimmers

Epidemiology of Acute and Overuse Injuries in Underwater Rugby

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