Muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with higher insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents

Benson, Amanda; Torode, Margaret; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone

doi:10.1080/17477160600962864

Cited by 148 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…6 Recently we found in 10-to 15-year-old children that higher upper body strength and lower waist circumference were independently associated with better insulin sensitivity. 13 In addition, we found that both muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) provided protection from higher insulin resistance in this cohort, 13 as reported in recent adult data. 11 High intensity resistance training may provide equal or greater metabolic benefit than other forms of exercises.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…We arranged all gas exchange data in 30-s intervals for analysis with VO 2 peak determined as the highest value of O 2 consumption measured during the test. 13,37 Maximal muscular strength was measured using a progressive repetition maximal lift (1RM) protocol as follows: familiarization phase where participants were instructed on correct form and breathing and given 2-3 practice lifts with a light bar or no weight for the leg press; a warm-up phase of three lifts with weights selected to elicit a RPE on the Borg scale (6-20) of 15 by lift 3; a testing phase where lifts were progressively increased until the weight could not be lifted, despite verbal encouragement, on two consecutive attempts 90 s apart. There was a rest period of 60-90 s between lifts with 1RM determined in approximately 6-10 lifts.…”

Section: Fitness Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial

2008

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Background: High-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) improves adiposity and metabolic risk in adults, but has not been investigated in children within a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Objective: We hypothesized that high-intensity PRT (8 weeks, twice a week) would decrease central adiposity in children, as assessed via waist circumference. Methods Design/Setting/Participants: Concealed randomization stratified by age and gender was used to allocate rural New Zealand school students to the wait-list control or PRT group. Intervention: Participants were prescribed two sets (eight repetitions per set) of 11 exercises targeting all the major muscle groups at high intensity. Primary Outcome: Waist circumference; secondary outcomes included whole body fat, muscular fitness (one repetition maximum), cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen consumption during a treadmill test), lipids, insulin sensitivity and fasting glucose. Results: Of the 78 children (32 girls and 46 boys; mean age 12.2(1.3) years), 51% were either overweight (33%) or obese (18%). High-intensity PRT significantly improved waist circumference (mean change PRT À0.8 (2.2) cm vs þ 0.5 (1.7) cm control; F ¼ 7.59, P ¼ 0.008), fat mass (mean change PRT þ 0.2 (1.4) kg vs þ 1.0 (1.2) kg control; F ¼ 6.00, P ¼ 0.017), percent body fat (mean change PRT -0.3 (1.8)% vs þ 1.2 (2.1)% control; F ¼ 9.04, P ¼ 0.004), body mass index (mean change PRT À0.01 (0.8) kg m À2 vs þ 0.4 (0.7) kg m À2 control; F ¼ 6.02, P ¼ 0.017), upper body strength (mean change PRT þ 11.6(6.1) kg vs þ 2.9(3.7) kg control; F ¼ 48.6, Po0.001) and lower body strength (mean change PRT þ 42.9(26.6) kg vs þ 28.5(26.6) kg control; F ¼ 4.72, P ¼ 0.034) compared to the control group. Waist circumference decreased the most in those with the greatest baseline relative strength (r ¼ À0.257, P ¼ 0.036), and greatest relative (r ¼ À0.400, P ¼ 0.001) and absolute (r ¼ 0.340, P ¼ 0.006) strength gains during the intervention. Conclusion: Isolated high-intensity PRT significantly improves central and whole body adiposity in association with muscle strength in normal-weight and overweight children. The clinical relevance and sustainability of these changes in adiposity should be addressed in future long-term studies.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Fitness Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial

2008

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“…(11,12) se describió por vez primera el índice general de fuerza (IGF), a partir de la estandarización de los resultados obtenidos de la fuerza de prensión manual (en kg) y el salto de longitud (en cm). Este índice demostró en niños y adolescentes europeos una asociación inversa con el perfil de riesgo lipídico-metabólico (13), la concentración de proteínas inflamatorias (14), los niveles de presión sanguínea (15) y la sensibilidad a la insulina (16), entre otros.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Índice general de fuerza y adiposidad como medida de la condición física relacionada con la salud en niños y adolescentes de Bogotá, Colombia: Estudio FUPRECOL

Pacheco-Herrera¹

2016

Nutr Hosp

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general de fuerza y adiposidad como medida de la condición física relacionada con la salud en niños y adolescentes de Bogotá, Colombia: Estudio FUPRECOL. Nutr Hosp 2016;33:556-564Índice general de fuerza y adiposidad como medida de la condición física relacionada con la salud en niños y adolescentes de Bogotá, Colombia: Estudio FUPRECOL AbstractObjective: The purposes were: a) to generate normative values of general strength index (GSI) scores of 9-to 17.9-year-olds; and b) to describe the associations between GSI and adiposity markers in healthy schoolchildren from Bogotá, Colombia. Methods: From a total of 7,268 Colombian children and adolescents (age 9-17.9 years) taking part in the FUPRECOL study (4,139, 57% girls). A GSI score were measured using handgrip strength and standing long jump. Each of these variables was standardized as follows: standardized value = (value = mean)/SD. The GSI score was calculated as the mean of the two standardized scores and recoded into quartiles Q1 (low GSI) to Q4 (high GSI). Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) and percentage body fat (%BF) by electrical bioimpedance analysis were measured such as adiposity markers. Results: The average age was 12.8 ± 2.3 years. It can be seen that the results for the boys were generally more homogeneous than for the girls, regarding muscular fi tness. There was also a trend towards increased muscular strength in the boys as their age increased, whereas the girls showed stability or a slight increase in GSI. In contrast, there was an inverse relationship between the GSI and WtHR (r = -0,280, p < 0,01) and %BF (r = -0,327, p < 0,01) in males. Participants with Q4 (high GSI), compared to those in with Q1 (low GSI), had signifi cantly lower levels of BMI, WC, WtHR and %BF. Conclusion: This paper presents the fi rst sex-and age-specifi c percentiles for general strength index score among Colombian children and adolescents aged 9-17.9 years. The testing of muscle strength at early ages should be included in health-monitoring systems. ResumenObjetivo: el presente estudio tuvo por objetivos: a) determinar los valores de referencia de la condición muscular mediante el índice general de fuerza (IGF); y b) estudiar si el IGF está asociado con indicadores de adiposidad en niños y adolescentes escolares de Bogotá, Colombia. Métodos: del total de 7.268 niños y adolescentes (9-17,9 años) evaluados en el estudio FUPRECOL, 4.139 (57%) fueron mujeres. Se evaluó el IGF como marcador del desempeño muscular a partir de la tipifi cación de las pruebas de fuerza prensil (FP) y salto de longitud (SL). El IGF se recodifi có en cuartiles (Q), siendo el Q4 la posición con mejor valor del IGF. El índice de masa corporal (IMC), la circunferencia de cintura (CC), el índice cintura/talla (ICT) y el porcentaje de grasa corporal (% GC) por bioimpedancia eléctrica se midieron como marcadores de adiposidad. Resultados: la edad media de los evaluados fue 12,8 ± 2,3 años. Se aprecia una tendencia hacia un incremento del nivel de condici...

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“…Cependant, différentes formes d'activité physique peuvent influencer directement la résistance à l'insuline en provoquant, entre autres, une activation à court terme des transporteurs de glucose (GLUT-4) et de leurs récepteurs [24], en abaissant le taux circulant d'insuline [30,31] et en augmentant la production des facteurs anti-inflammatoires tels que l'adiponectine [32,33] ou encore en induisant des modifications myofibrillaires appropriées (dont une augmentation de la quantité de fibres oxydatives et insulinosensibles) [34]. Ces effets peuvent être directs ou secondaires à une augmentation de l'aptitude physique [21,29,35] ou à une nécessaire baisse d'adiposité (en relation avec une augmentation de la concentration d'adiponectine circulante) [27,36,37]. Comme l'indique la Figure 1, la cible principale des programmes d'activité physique devrait être l'insulino-résistance (qui est un paramètre prépondérant du syndrome métabolique), même si une activité physique régulière peut directement agir sur les autres facteurs que sont la pression artérielle [38][39][40][41] ou la lipidémie [38,42].…”

Section: Données éPidémiologiquesunclassified

Rôle de l’activité physique dans la lutte contre le syndrome métabolique infantile

Guinhouya

2009

Med Sci (Paris)

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La manifestation d'un syndrome métabolique [1,2] pendant l'enfance préfigure un risque de morbi-mortalité augmenté, de diabète de type 2, d'affections cardiovasculaires et de perte des capacités fonctionnelles tout au long de la vie. Ceci laisse entrevoir des conséquences médicales coûteuses aussi bien pour l'individu que pour le système de santé et la société toute entière. Même si les mécanismes physiopathologiques sous-jacents au syndrome métabolique restent flous ou imprécis, il semble que dans les populations pédiatri-ques il soit fortement associé à l'excès pondéral [3][4][5]. Par exemple, pour Beck et al.[3] la présence du syndrome métabolique était exceptionnelle chez l'enfant ou l'adolescent sans surcharge pondérale. En conséquence, l'augmentation du surpoids/obésité dans la population pédiatrique dans le monde, et notamment dans les sociétés post-industrielles [6], doit être perçue comme un indicateur de la régression de l'état de santé des populations, avec des conséquences négatives importantes dans les prochaines décennies si des mesures adaptées ne sont pas prises [7]. Le cas de la France, où la prévalence du surpoids/obésité infantile est passée de 3 % à plus de 15 % en 40 ans

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Muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with higher insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents

Cited by 148 publications

References 45 publications

The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial

The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial

Índice general de fuerza y adiposidad como medida de la condición física relacionada con la salud en niños y adolescentes de Bogotá, Colombia: Estudio FUPRECOL

Rôle de l’activité physique dans la lutte contre le syndrome métabolique infantile

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