Muscular Strength, Aerobic Fitness, and Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Flemish Adults

Wijndaele, Katrien; Duvigneaud, Nathalie; Matton, Lynn; Duquet, William; Thomis, Martine; Beunen, Gastón; Lefevre, Johan; Philippaerts, Renaat

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000247003.32589.a6

Cited by 134 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The principal finding of this study was that both grip strength and abdominal adiposity are each independently associated with individual and clustered metabolic risk factors in women, but not in men (Table 3). Previous studies have indicated that muscular strength is a significant predictor of metabolic risk in adults (Sayer et al, 2007;Wijndaele et al, 2007). However, few studies have evaluated the independent importance of abdominal adiposity and fitness (Sayer et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, few studies have investigated the independent contribution of muscular strength and abdominal fat to individual and clustered metabolic risk factors. A recent study by Wijndaele et al (2007) has demonstrated that muscular strength is inversely related to a metabolic risk factor in women, even after adjustment for abdominal fat and other potential confounding factors. However, their studies have characterized abdominal fat by simple anthropometric measures such as waist circumference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Muscular Strength and Metabolic Risk in Japanese Women, but Not in Men

Aoyama

Asaka

Ishijima

et al. 2011

J Physiol Anthropol

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We examined whether cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen uptake, V O 2 max) and muscular strength (grip strength) are associated with individual and clustered metabolic risk factors independently of abdominal adiposity in Japanese men (nϭ110) and women (nϭ110) aged 20-69 years. Blood pressure, triglycerides (TG), HDL cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were assessed and metabolic risk score was calculated, which is the sum of the z scores for each individual risk factor. Waist circumference was measured and the area of visceral fat was assessed by MRI. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that V O 2 max was inversely associated with TG in men ( pϽ0.05) and grip strength was negatively associated with FPG and metabolic risk score in women ( pϽ0.001 and pϽ0.05, respectively), independently of waist circumference. Adjusting for visceral fat instead of waist circumference, similar results were obtained in women (pϽ0.01 and pϽ0.05, respectively), but the association between V O 2 max and TG in men was attenuated to nonsignificant. This cross-sectional study demonstrates that muscular strength is inversely associated with plasma glucose levels and clustered metabolic risk factors independently of abdominal adiposity in Japanese women, but not in men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Muscular Strength and Metabolic Risk in Japanese Women, but Not in Men

Aoyama

Asaka

Ishijima

et al. 2011

J Physiol Anthropol

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“…Indeed, both in the elderly and the general population, muscle strength is inversely associated with allcause mortality, 1 osteoporosis, 2 cardiovascular diseases, 3 metabolic syndrome prevalence 4 and other pathological conditions and chronic diseases. 5 Heritability estimates vary from 31 to 78% with large differences between muscle groups, contraction velocities or muscle lengths (reviewed in Peeters et al 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive fine mapping of chr12q12-14 and follow-up replication identify activin receptor 1B (ACVR1B) as a muscle strength gene

et al. 2010

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Muscle strength is important in functional activities of daily living and the prevention of common pathologies. We describe the two-staged fine mapping of a previously identified linkage peak for knee strength on chr12q12-14. First, 209 tagSNPs in/around 74 prioritized genes were genotyped in 500 Caucasian brothers from the Leuven Genes for Muscular Strength study (LGfMS). Combined linkage and family-based association analyses identified activin receptor 1B (ACVR1B) and inhibin b C (INHBC), part of the transforming growth factor b pathway regulating myostatin -a negative regulator of muscle mass -signaling, for follow-up. Second, 33 SNPs, selected in these genes based on their likelihood to functionally affect gene expression/function, were genotyped in an extended sample of 536 LGfMS siblings. Strong associations between ACVR1B genotypes and knee muscle strength (P-values up to 0.00002) were present. Of particular interest was the association with rs2854464, located in a putative miR-24-binding site, as miR-24 was implicated in the inhibition of skeletal muscle differentiation. Rs2854464 AA individuals were B2% stronger than G-allele carriers. The strength increasing effect of the A-allele was also observed in an independent replication sample (n¼266) selected from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging and a Flemish Policy Research Centre Sport, Physical Activity and Health study. However, no genotype-related difference in ACVR1B mRNA expression in quadriceps muscle was observed. In conclusion, we applied a two-stage fine mapping approach, and are the first to identify and partially replicate genetic variants in the ACVR1B gene that account for genetic variation in human muscle strength.

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“…Considering that the health benefits of physical activity can only be seen with regular practice, a positive relationship between regular physical activity and the reduction of the risk and improvement in MS-related risk factors is expected (Braith, Stewart, 2006;Li, Liu, Lin, 2006;Wannamethee, Shaper, Whincup, 2006;Lakka, Laaksonen, 2007;Wijndaele et al, 2007). On the other hand, it is well-known that sedentarism is a risk factor for the development of several degenerative diseases (ATPIII, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome

Leal

Capitani

Tirapegui

2009

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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Recent studies of the effects of physical exercise and caloric restriction have found several benefits on the metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors related to metabolic syndrome (MS). This review examines the current state of knowledge of the effects of physical exercise on the main pathologies associated with MS: obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), dyslipidemias and hypertension. Although there are only a few randomized and controlled studies that evaluated the prevention and treatment of MS, strong evidence from controlled studies indicates that lifestyle changes that include regular physical exercise and caloric restriction are effective in preventing and treating DM2 in overweight individuals with reduced glucose tolerance. Likewise, epidemiologic studies suggest that regular physical exercise prevents the development of DM2 and cardiovascular disease. Based on current recommendations, it is important to increase the level of physical exercise at a moderate intensity to achieve good cardiorespiratory and muscular conditions and to promote fat mass reduction, with consequent reductions of risk of developing metabolic syndrome.Uniterms: Physical activity. Metabolic syndrome. Insulin/resistance. Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Obesity. Nutrition.Recentes estudos, relativos aos efeitos do exercício físico e da restrição energética, têm relatado diversos benefícios sobre fatores metabólicos e de risco cardiovascular relacionados à síndrome metabólica (SM). Esta revisão aborda os aspectos mais recentes dos efeitos do exercício físico sobre as principais patologias associadas à SM: obesidade, resistência à insulina, diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), dislipidemia e hipertensão. Embora estudos randomizados e controlados que avaliam a prevenção e o tratamento da SM sejam escassos, pesquisas controladas indicam fortes evidências de que mudanças no estilo de vida, incluindo a pratica de exercício físico regular e restrição energética, sejam eficazes na prevenção e tratamento de DM2 em indivíduos com sobrepeso e com tolerância à glicose diminuída. No mesmo sentido, estudos epidemiológicos sugerem que a prática regular de exercício físico previne DM2 e doenças cardiovasculares. Com base nas atuais recomendações, preconiza-se o aumento do volume total de exercício físico com intensidade moderada, na busca da boa condição cardiorrespiratória e muscular e da diminuição da massa gorda, com conseqüente aumento da proteção contra fatores associados ao desenvolvimento da síndrome metabólica.Unitermos: Exercício físico. Síndrome metabólica. Insulina/resistência. Diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Obesidade. Nutrição. INTRODUCTIONMetabolic syndrome (MS), also known as X syndrome or insulin resistance syndrome, has been considered as a risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and other complications (Eckel, Grundy, Zimmet, 2005;Maranhão, Maniero, 2007). This has led to a growing scientific interest in studying its component conditions. According to Reaven (1988), this meta...

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Muscular Strength, Aerobic Fitness, and Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Flemish Adults

Abstract: Although cross-sectional, the present results support inclusion of strength training in addition to aerobic exercise in physical activity recommendations for women, because both types of activity might show additional effects in reducing the risk of the metabolic syndrome.

Cited by 134 publications

References 28 publications

Association between Muscular Strength and Metabolic Risk in Japanese Women, but Not in Men

Association between Muscular Strength and Metabolic Risk in Japanese Women, but Not in Men

Comprehensive fine mapping of chr12q12-14 and follow-up replication identify activin receptor 1B (ACVR1B) as a muscle strength gene

The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome

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