Muscle System Changes

Cech, Donna J.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-4978-4.00007-7

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“… 26 The number of muscle fibres is considered a significant factor in determining muscle strength and mass, 7 , 35 which form and grow dramatically throughout gestation and the first year following birth. 8 The growth of fewer muscle fibres during the intrauterine period may result in early progressive loss of muscle with age, limiting physical ability and independence in early adulthood. 30 Furthermore, LBW combined with rapid postnatal development results in increased skeletal muscle ageing.…”

Section: Sarcopenia and Low Birth Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of low birth weight as an intrauterine exposure on the early onset of sarcopenia through possible molecular pathways

Celik,

Campisi,

Cannella

et al. 2024

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Sarcopenia, a musculoskeletal disease characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and physical performance, presents significant challenges to global public health due to its adverse effects on mobility, morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This comprehensive review explores the intricate connections between sarcopenia and low birth weight (LBW), emphasizing the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis, inflammatory processes (inflammaging), mitochondrial dysfunction, circadian rhythm disruptions, epigenetic mechanisms, and genetic variations revealed through genome‐wide studies (GWAS). A systematic search strategy was developed using PubMed to identify relevant English‐language publications on sarcopenia, LBW, DOHaD, inflammaging, mitochondrial dysfunction, circadian disruption, epigenetic mechanisms, and GWAS. The publications consist of 46.2% reviews, 21.2% cohort studies, 4.8% systematic reviews, 1.9% cross‐sectional studies, 13.4% animal studies, 4.8% genome‐wide studies, 5.8% epigenome‐wide studies, and 1.9% book chapters. The review identified key factors contributing to sarcopenia development, including the DOHaD hypothesis, LBW impact on muscle mass, inflammaging, mitochondrial dysfunction, the influence of clock genes, the role of epigenetic mechanisms, and genetic variations revealed through GWAS. The DOHaD theory suggests that LBW induces epigenetic alterations during foetal development, impacting long‐term health outcomes, including the early onset of sarcopenia. LBW correlates with reduced muscle mass, grip strength, and lean body mass in adulthood, increasing the risk of sarcopenia. Chronic inflammation (inflammaging) and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to sarcopenia, with LBW linked to increased oxidative stress and dysfunction. Disrupted circadian rhythms, regulated by genes such as BMAL1 and CLOCK, are associated with both LBW and sarcopenia, impacting lipid metabolism, muscle mass, and the ageing process. Early‐life exposures, including LBW, induce epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation (DNAm) and histone changes, playing a pivotal role in sarcopenia development. Genome‐wide studies have identified candidate genes and variants associated with lean body mass, muscle weakness, and sarcopenia, providing insights into genetic factors contributing to the disorder. LBW emerges as a potential early predictor of sarcopenia development, reflecting the impact of intrauterine exposures on long‐term health outcomes. Understanding the complex interplay between LBW with inflammaging, mitochondrial dysfunction, circadian disruption, and epigenetic factors is essential for elucidating the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and developing targeted interventions. Future research on GWAS and the underlying mechanisms of LBW‐associated sarcopenia is warranted to inform preventive strategies and improve public health outcomes.

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Section: Sarcopenia and Low Birth Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 6 , 7 Investigating the early stages of muscle growth and alterations is crucial for understanding age‐related muscular diseases like sarcopenia. 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of low birth weight as an intrauterine exposure on the early onset of sarcopenia through possible molecular pathways

Celik,

Campisi,

Cannella

et al. 2024

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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“…During maturation, the myotubes express MyHC and α‐actin (Acta2) [ 12 ]. The filaments of actin and myosin are arranged in parallel to form the myofilaments of each myofibril.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Myomesin facilitates myosin filaments crosslinking, which is necessary for withstanding the stronger tension during muscle contraction [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Within a sarcomere, the alignment of actin and myosin is maintained by regulatory proteins Titin and Nebulin [ 9 , 12 , 17 ]. During contraction, the Z‐disks move towards each other, and actin and myosin filaments slide over each other [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within a sarcomere, the alignment of actin and myosin is maintained by regulatory proteins Titin and Nebulin [ 9 , 12 , 17 ]. During contraction, the Z‐disks move towards each other, and actin and myosin filaments slide over each other [ 12 ]. During the later stages of maturation, the sarcolemma invaginates around the sarcomeres as the transverse tubular system (T‐tubules) and ER align itself into specific domains [sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)] around the sarcomeres [ 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ca²⁺ as a coordinator of skeletal muscle differentiation, fusion and contraction

2022

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Muscle regeneration is essential for vertebrate muscle homeostasis and recovery after injury. During regeneration, muscle stem cells differentiate into myocytes, which then fuse with pre-existing muscle fibres. Hence, differentiation, fusion and contraction must be tightly regulated during regeneration to avoid the disastrous consequences of premature fusion of myocytes to actively contracting fibres. Cytosolic calcium (Ca 2+ ), which is coupled to both induction of myogenic differentiation and contraction, has more recently been implicated in the regulation of myocyte-to-myotube fusion. In this viewpoint, we propose that Ca 2+ -mediated coordination of differentiation, fusion and contraction is a feature selected in the amniotes to facilitate muscle regeneration.

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The response of the body when carrying a handbag

Phonpichit

Chansirinukor

Akamanon

2016

WOR

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Muscle System Changes

Cited by 3 publications

References 91 publications

The effect of low birth weight as an intrauterine exposure on the early onset of sarcopenia through possible molecular pathways

The effect of low birth weight as an intrauterine exposure on the early onset of sarcopenia through possible molecular pathways

Ca²⁺ as a coordinator of skeletal muscle differentiation, fusion and contraction

The response of the body when carrying a handbag

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Muscle System Changes

Cited by 3 publications

References 91 publications

The effect of low birth weight as an intrauterine exposure on the early onset of sarcopenia through possible molecular pathways

The effect of low birth weight as an intrauterine exposure on the early onset of sarcopenia through possible molecular pathways

Ca2+ as a coordinator of skeletal muscle differentiation, fusion and contraction

The response of the body when carrying a handbag

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Ca²⁺ as a coordinator of skeletal muscle differentiation, fusion and contraction