Muscle-strengthening activities and cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Nascimento, Wilson R.; Ferrari, Gérson; Martins, Camila Bertini; Rey-López, Juan Pablo; Izquierdo, Mikel; Lee, Dong Hoon; Giovannucci, Edward; Rezende, Leandro F. M.

doi:10.1186/s12966-021-01142-7

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Consistent with these reports, we found that WP led to a 26% reduction in the mass of the epidydimal fats pads and a 22% reduction in the percentage of the total body mass that was composed of fat ( Figure 3 B,G). This is noteworthy because the induction of whole-body level changes suggests that WP could serve as an effective model for defining the mechanisms via which PRE induces system-wide improvements in metabolic and cardiovascular health, and how PRE can act as an effective countermeasure against aging-related diseases, such as sarcopenia and cancer [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, numerous studies have shown that 8–16 weeks of PRE can lead to a 5–20% increase in skeletal muscle mass/volume, along with an even greater increase in strength [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The PRE-induced increase in muscle mass is also associated with improvements in markers of mental, metabolic, and cardiovascular health, as well as a reduction in body fat and the risk of developing/dying from aging-related diseases [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. In other words, the health-related benefits of PRE go well beyond an increase in muscularity, yet the mechanisms that drive these effects remain far from defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weight Pulling: A Novel Mouse Model of Human Progressive Resistance Exercise

Zhu

Hibbert

Lin

et al. 2021

Cells

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This study describes a mouse model of progressive resistance exercise that utilizes a full-body/multi-joint exercise (weight pulling) along with a training protocol that mimics a traditional human paradigm (three training sessions per week, ~8–12 repetitions per set, 2 min of rest between sets, around two maximal-intensity sets per session, last set taken to failure, and a progressive increase in loading that is based on the individual’s performance). We demonstrate that weight pulling can induce an increase in the mass of numerous muscles throughout the body. The relative increase in muscle mass is similar to what has been observed in human studies, and is associated with the same type of long-term adaptations that occur in humans (e.g., fiber hypertrophy, myonuclear accretion, and, in some instances, a fast-to-slow transition in Type II fiber composition). Moreover, we demonstrate that weight pulling can induce the same type of acute responses that are thought to drive these long-term adaptations (e.g., the activation of signaling through mTORC1 and the induction of protein synthesis at 1 h post-exercise). Collectively, the results of this study indicate that weight pulling can serve as a highly translatable mouse model of progressive resistance exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight Pulling: A Novel Mouse Model of Human Progressive Resistance Exercise

Zhu

Hibbert

Lin

et al. 2021

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3B and 3G). This is noteworthy because the induction of whole-body level changes suggests that WP could serve as an effective model for defining the mechanisms via which PRE induces system-wide improvements in metabolic and cardiovascular health, and how PRE can act as an effective countermeasure against aging-related diseases such as sarcopenia and cancer [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, numerous studies have shown that 8-16 weeks of PRE can lead to a 5-20% increase in skeletal muscle mass/volume along with an even greater increase in strength [8][9][10]. The PRE-induced increase in muscle mass is also associated with improvements in markers of mental, metabolic, and cardiovascular health, as well as a reduction in body fat and the risk of developing/dying from aging-related diseases [11][12][13][14]. In other words, the health-related benefits of PRE go well beyond an increase in muscularity, yet the mechanisms that drive these effects remain far from defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight Pulling: A Novel Mouse Model of Human Progressive Resistance Exercise

Zhu

Hibbert

Lin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This study describes a mouse model of human progressive resistance exercise that utilizes a full-body/multi-joint exercise (weight pulling) along with a training protocol that mimics a traditional human paradigm (3 training sessions per week, ~8-12 repetitions per set, 2 minutes of rest between sets, ~2 maximal-intensity sets per session, last set taken to failure, and a progressive increase in loading that is based on the individual's performance). We demonstrate that weight pulling can induce an increase in the mass of numerous muscles throughout the body. The magnitude of increase in muscle mass is similar to what has been observed in human studies, and it is associated with the same type of long-term adaptations that occur in humans (e.g., fiber hypertrophy, myonuclear accretion, and in some instances a fast-to-slow transition in Type II fiber composition). Moreover, we demonstrate that weight pulling can induce the same type of acute responses that are thought to drive these long-term adaptations (e.g., the activation of signaling through mTORC1 and the induction of protein synthesis at 1 hr post-exercise). Collectively, the results of this study indicate that weight pulling can serve as a highly translatable mouse model of human progressive resistance exercise.

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“…Both research and clinical experience indicate that resistance training is safe for healthy older adults (130), frail (physiologically vulnerable) older adults (131,132), and individuals with multiple chronic diseases (43). Engaging in resistance training reduces the risk of incident diabetes (133,134) and cardiovascular disease (135), and also significantly reduced the risk of all-cause and cancer mortality (136,137). Improvements in cognition (120,121), diabetes control (138,139), cardiac rehabilitation outcomes (140), renal failure (141), COPD (142), arthritis, Parkinson's Disease, stroke, and many other pre-existing diseases have also been shown improve after the application of evidence-based resistance training.…”

Section: Safety Of Long-term Physical Activity and Exercise Interventions In Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Exercise Recommendations in Older Adults (ICFSR): Expert Consensus Guidelines

Izquierdo

Merchant

Morley

et al. 2021

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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428

281

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The human ageing process is universal, ubiquitous and inevitable. Every physiological function is being continuously diminished. There is a range between two distinct phenotypes of ageing, shaped by patterns of living - experiences and behaviours, and in particular by the presence or absence of physical activity (PA) and structured exercise (i.e., a sedentary lifestyle). Ageing and a sedentary lifestyle are associated with declines in muscle function and cardiorespiratory fitness, resulting in an impaired capacity to perform daily activities and maintain independent functioning. However, in the presence of adequate exercise/PA these changes in muscular and aerobic capacity with age are substantially attenuated. Additionally, both structured exercise and overall PA play important roles as preventive strategies for many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, osteoporosis, and obesity; improvement of mobility, mental health, and quality of life; and reduction in mortality, among other benefits. Notably, exercise intervention programmes improve the hallmarks of frailty (low body mass, strength, mobility, PA level, energy) and cognition, thus optimising functional capacity during ageing. In these pathological conditions exercise is used as a therapeutic agent and follows the precepts of identifying the cause of a disease and then using an agent in an evidence-based dose to eliminate or moderate the disease. Prescription of PA/structured exercise should therefore be based on the intended outcome (e.g., primary prevention, improvement in fitness or functional status or disease treatment), and individualised, adjusted and controlled like any other medical treatment. In addition, in line with other therapeutic agents, exercise shows a dose-response effect and can be individualised using different modalities, volumes and/or intensities as appropriate to the health state or medical condition. Importantly, exercise therapy is often directed at several physiological systems simultaneously, rather than targeted to a single outcome as is generally the case with pharmacological approaches to disease management. There are diseases for which exercise is an alternative to pharmacological treatment (such as depression), thus contributing to the goal of deprescribing of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMS). There are other conditions where no effective drug therapy is currently available (such as sarcopenia or dementia), where it may serve a primary role in prevention and treatment. Therefore, this consensus statement provides an evidence-based rationale for using exercise and PA for health promotion and disease prevention and treatment in older adults. Exercise prescription is discussed in terms of the specific modalities and doses that have been studied in randomised controlled trials for their effectiveness in attenuating physiological changes of ageing, disease prevention, and/or improvement of older adults with chronic disease and disability. Recommendations are proposed to bridge gaps in the current literature and to optimise the use of exercise/PA both as a preventative medicine and as a therapeutic agent.

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Muscle-strengthening activities and cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Cited by 26 publications

References 32 publications

Weight Pulling: A Novel Mouse Model of Human Progressive Resistance Exercise

Weight Pulling: A Novel Mouse Model of Human Progressive Resistance Exercise

Weight Pulling: A Novel Mouse Model of Human Progressive Resistance Exercise

International Exercise Recommendations in Older Adults (ICFSR): Expert Consensus Guidelines

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