Muscle proprioceptive feedback and spinal networks

Windhorst, U.

doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.03.010

Cited by 267 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 354 publications

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“…7A). Spinal interneurons and spinocerebellar neurons receive both "length-related" and "force-related" sensory inputs and this has been interpreted as a mixed kinematic-kinetic representation (Windhorst, 2007). Perhaps afferent inputs from the Golgi tendon organs are necessary for disambiguating spindle inputs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discharges in Human Muscle Receptor Afferents during Block Grasping

Dimitriou¹,

Edin²

2008

J. Neurosci.

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Human grasping relies on feedforward control that is monitored and corrected on-line by means of sensory feedback. While much of the sensory mechanisms underpinning hand-object interaction are known, information has been lacking about muscle receptor responses during the phases before and after actual object contact. We therefore let subjects use their thumb and fingers to grasp blocks presented to them while we recorded muscle afferents from the thumb and finger extensor muscles along with wrist and digit kinematics, and electromyographic activity. The kinematics of the task was indistinguishable from "normal" grasping. None of the afferents encoded either object contact or finger apposition. Both primary and secondary afferents were more phase advanced on the parent muscle lengths than expected from previous studies as well as from their responses to imposed length changes of their parent muscles. Thus, the discharges of both primary and secondary afferents were well correlated to the tendon velocity of their parent muscles and that of primary afferents also to acceleration whereas neither appeared to encode muscle length as such. Decoding the velocity of muscle length changes were significantly improved if the discharge of Golgi tendon organ afferents were taken into account along with that of the muscle spindle afferents. We propose that these findings may be explained by the biomechanical properties of contracting muscles. Moreover, we conclude that it seems unlikely that the muscle spindle afferents recorded in this task have any role in providing "proprioceptive" information pertaining to the size of an object grasped.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discharges in Human Muscle Receptor Afferents during Block Grasping

Dimitriou¹,

Edin²

2008

J. Neurosci.

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“…Multiple sensory inputs from the visual, vestibular and proprioceptive systems are integrated within the sensorimotor centres of the brain to produce functional output in the form of motor commands (Jull, Sterling, Falla, Treleaven, & O'Leary, 2008;Lackner & DiZio, 2000;Morningstar, Pettibon, Schlappi, Schlappi, & Ireland, 2005). This sensory information is also used to generate an internal schema of the body's configuration that provides a reference framework with which the body orientates itself to the surrounding world (Lackner & DiZio, 2000;Windhorst, 2007). Working in conjunction with these systems, several postural reflexes also play a role in maintaining equilibrium of the head, neck and body Morningstar et al, 2005;Treleaven, 2008b).…”

Section: The Postural Control Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cervical afferents are also directly linked to visual and vestibular systems (Heikkilä, Johansson, & Wenngren, 2000;Treleaven, 2008a) and converge on the central cervical nucleus which serves as a pathway to the cerebellum where vestibular, ocular and proprioceptive information is integrated ). In addition, sensory information from the cervical region contributes directly to several postural reflexes; the cervico-collic reflex, the cervico-ocular reflex, the tonic neck reflex and the vestibulospinal reflex, which are involved with ensuring the stability of the head and neck and coordination of postural homeostasis Morningstar et al, 16 2005; Treleaven, 2008a;Windhorst, 2007). The central nervous system also draws upon proprioceptive information from cervical tissues to aid in the creation of an internal reference frame, or body schema, with which it orientates the body in relation to both itself and the surrounding world (Lackner & DiZio, 2000;Proske & Gandevia, 2012).…”

Section: The Role Of the Cervical Region In The Postural Control Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effective control over posture is essential in order to provide a stable platform from which to execute voluntary movements of the head, limbs and torso, to maintain balance during upright stance and to respond appropriately to the numerous destabilising forces that act upon the body Windhorst, 2007). The maintenance of stable, upright posture is achieved through the complex process of sensorimotor integration through which the main sensory modalities of vision, vestibular and proprioceptive input are coordinated with numerous postural reflexes to produce functional motor output (Lackner & DiZio, 2000;Maurer, Mergner, Bolha, & Hlavacka, 2000).…”

Section: Introduction To Thesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Cervical Spine Manipulation on Postural Sway in Patients With Nonspecific Neck Pain

Fisher

Bacon

Mannion

2015

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics

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“…stochastic resonance; fictive locomotion; electrical stimulation LOCOMOTION IS GENERATED by neuronal circuits, known as central pattern generators (CPG), localized in thoracolumbar segments of the spinal cord (Cazalets et al 1995;Goulding 2009;Harris-Warrick 2010;Kiehn 2006). During gait, the CPG receives, through dorsal roots (DRs), a continuous sensory feedback (Windhorst 2007). The neuronal integration of this information within the spinal cord contributes to the refinement of motor output and represents an important source for postural control during locomotion (Grillner and Jessell 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The locomotor central pattern generator of the rat spinal cord in vitro is optimally activated by noisy dorsal root waveforms

Taccola

2011

Journal of Neurophysiology

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The spinal cord contains an intrinsic locomotor program driven by a central pattern generator that rhythmically activates flexor and extensor limb motor pools. Although long-lasting locomotor activity can be generated pharmacologically, trains of afferent stimuli trigger only few locomotor cycles. The present study investigated whether a new electrical stimulation protocol (termed FL istim) could elicit long-lasting fictive locomotion (FL) in the rat spinal cord in vitro. Thus, after first inducing FL by bath application of N-methyl-d-aspartate and serotonin, the recorded waveform obtained from a lumbar ventral root was digitized and then applied to either a lumbar dorsal root or the cauda equina following washout of pharmacological agents. Two FL istim cycles were the threshold input to evoke an episode of FL from ventral roots. Longer cycles (up to 1 min) induced sustained FL (up to 1 min) with stereotyped periodicity (2.2 ± 0.5 s), despite changing frequency (2–4 s) or cycle amplitude of FL istim. Gradual filtering out of the noise from FL istim trace concomitantly decreased the efficiency of FL so that stimulation with equivalent pure sinusoids produced asynchronous, irregular discharges only that could not be converted to FL by adding spontaneous basal activity. This study is the first demonstration that epochs of rhythmic locomotor-like oscillations applied to a dorsal root represent an efficient stimulus to evoke FL as long as they contain the electrophysiological noise produced within FL cycles. These observations suggest novel strategies to improve the efficiency of electrical stimulation delivered by clinical devices for neurorehabilitation after spinal injury.

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Muscle proprioceptive feedback and spinal networks

Cited by 267 publications

References 354 publications

Discharges in Human Muscle Receptor Afferents during Block Grasping

Discharges in Human Muscle Receptor Afferents during Block Grasping

The Effect of Cervical Spine Manipulation on Postural Sway in Patients With Nonspecific Neck Pain

The locomotor central pattern generator of the rat spinal cord in vitro is optimally activated by noisy dorsal root waveforms

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