Muscle-Motor Disorders in Pregnant Women

Abstract

Resume. Objective. Conduct a systematic analysis of the results of domestic and foreign clinical studies on changes in the functions of the musculoskeletal system of a pregnant woman and, based on our own research, study the relationship between pregnancy and disorders of the musculoskeletal system in women. Methods. The study included a survey conducted among 102 women during pregnancy and 18 women in the postpartum period. The following parameters were also determined: body weight before pregnancy and at the moment, woman's height glucose and blood pressure levels, hemoglobin values. the length and width of the foot, the range of motion in the joints of the limbs of pregnant women were measured in order to identify signs of joint hypermobility. All measurements of the foot were made using a stopometer and caliper with the calculation of the podometry index. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program. Results. During pregnancy, women are concerned about pain of various localization: in the back, neck, legs, spasms of the muscles of the legs. There is a change in anthropometric parameters and the index of podometry, in particular, an increase in the foot by 1-2 sizes, due to a decrease in the arches of the feet under the influence of hormonal changes, with the development or progression of the existing combined flat feet. In pregnant women using insoles, the absence of flattening of the arches of the feet and a decrease in pain in the spine and extremities are determined. Conclusion. The analysis confirmed that women during pregnancy are at high risk of developing disorders of the musculoskeletal system. The results of the study showed that changes in the arches of the foot lead to abnormal kinematics of the joints of the lower limb and spine during pregnancy and, if not corrected, persist in the postpartum period.