Muscle Morphological and Strength Adaptations to Endurance Vs. Resistance Training

Farup, Jean; Kjølhede, Tue; Sørensen, Henrik Toft; Dalgas, Ulrik; Møller, Andreas Buch; Vestergaard, P; Ringgaard, Steffen; Bojsen‐Møller, Jens; Vissing, Kristian

doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e318225a26f

Cited by 71 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…One would expect strength training to have a stronger effect on quadriceps ACSAs than endurance training (Farup et al, 2012), but our results have to be interpreted in light of the participants having a very low fitness level at study entry (Hudelmaier et al, 2010; Ring-Dimitriou et al, 2009). Therefore, the ergometer (endurance) training may have provided sufficient mechanical stimulus for the quadriceps to undergo hypertrophy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Relative distribution of quadriceps head anatomical cross-sectional areas and volumes—Sensitivity to pain and to training intervention

Sattler

Dannhauer

Ring-Dimitriou

et al. 2014

Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger

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SUMMARY Introduction Quadriceps heads are important in biomechanical stabilization and in the pathogenesis osteoarthritis of the knee. This is the first study to explore the relative distribution of quadriceps head anatomical cross-sectional areas (ACSA) and volumes, and their response to pain and to training intervention. Methods The relative proportions of quadriceps heads were determined in 48 Osteoarthritis Initiative participants with unilateral pain (65% women; age 45–78y). Quadriceps head volumes were also measured in 35 untrained women (45–55y) before and after 12 week training intervention. Cross-sectional areas of the vastus medialis (VM), inter-medius (VIM), and lateralis (VL), and of the rectus femoris (RF) were determined from axial T1-weighted MR images. Results The proportion of the VM on the total quadriceps ACSA increased from proximal to distal. The difference in quadriceps ACSA of painful (vs. pain-free) limbs was −5.4% for the VM (p<0.001), −6.8% for the VL (p<0.01), −2.8% for the VIM (p=0.06), and +3.4% for the RF (p=0.67) but the VM/VL ratio was not significantly altered. The muscle volume increase during training intervention was +4.2% (p<0.05) for VM, +1.3% for VL, +2.0% for VIM (p<0.05) and +1.6% for RF. Conclusion The proportion of quadriceps head relative to total muscle ACSA and volume depends on the anatomical level studied. The results suggest that there may be a differential response of the quadriceps heads to pain-induced atrophy and to training-related hypertrophy. Studies in larger samples are needed to ascertain whether the observed differences in response to pain and training are statistically and clinically significant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Relative distribution of quadriceps head anatomical cross-sectional areas and volumes—Sensitivity to pain and to training intervention

Sattler

Dannhauer

Ring-Dimitriou

et al. 2014

Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger

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“…Structural changes across the molecular, subcellular, cellular, tissue, and organ scales collectively contribute to macroscopic adaptations in overall muscle structure: On the molecular scale, myosin, the key contractile protein, may switch isoform types, changing the intrinsic speed of force generation [7–10]. On the subcellular scale, in response to elevated forces, more sarcomeres, the force-producing units of muscle, are built and added in parallel, increasing muscle cross sectional area [11, 12]. Conversely, in response to disuse, sarcomeres are lost, decreasing muscle cross sectional area [5,17,18].…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use it or lose it: multiscale skeletal muscle adaptation to mechanical stimuli

Wisdom

Delp

Kuhl

2014

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

139

123

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Skeletal muscle undergoes continuous turnover to adapt to changes in its mechanical environment. Overload increases muscle mass, whereas underload decreases muscle mass. These changes are correlated with, and enabled by, structural alterations across the molecular, subcellular, cellular, tissue, and organ scales. Despite extensive research on muscle adaptation at the individual scales, the interaction of the underlying mechanisms across the scales remains poorly understood. Here we present a thorough review and a broad classification of multiscale muscle adaptation in response to a variety of mechanical stimuli. From this classification, we suggest that a mathematical model for skeletal muscle adaptation should include the four major stimuli, overstretch, understretch, overload, and underload, and the five key players in skeletal muscle adaptation, myosin heavy chain isoform, serial sarcomere number, parallel sarcomere number, pennation angle, and extracellular matrix composition. Including this information in multiscale computational models of muscle will shape our understanding of the interacting mechanisms of skeletal muscle adaptation across the scales. Ultimately, this will allow us to rationalize the design of exercise and rehabilitation programs, and improve the long-term success of interventional treatment in musculoskeletal disease.

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“…Many studies have shown the benefic effects of regular practice of this kind of exercise in strength 2 and muscle mass increase 3 , improvement in aerobic fitness 4 , osteoporosis prevention and treatment 5 as well as other chronic musculoskeletal diseases 6 , among others. These factors stimulate th RE practice by many individuals, either for esthetical or health promotion aims.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influência do grupamento muscular na recuperação da frequência cardíaca após o exercício resistido

Peçanha

Vianna

Sousa

et al. 2013

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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INTRODUÇÃO: O exercício resistido (ER) é um tipo de exercício amplamente praticado, sendo recomendado para a manutenção ou aprimoramento da força e massa musculares e utilizado com fins estéticos e de saúde. Apesar disto, pouco se sabe sobre o impacto deste tipo de exercício sobre o controle autonômico cardíaco, tampouco da influência do grupamento muscular nesta resposta. OBJETIVO: Verificar a influência do grupamento muscular utilizado durante o ER, na recuperação da frequência cardíaca (REC-FC) pós-exercício. MÉTODOS: Participaram deste estudo 14 indivíduos do sexo masculino (27,4 ± 6,1 anos; 79,4 ± 10,4 kg; 1,77 ± 0,1 m; 10,5 ± 4,6 %G) experientes na prática de ER. O protocolo experimental constou da realização de teste e reteste de 1RM nos exercícios supino horizontal e meio agachamento para determinação da força dinâmica máxima e execução do número máximo de repetições a 80% de 1RM com avaliação da REC-FC durante um minuto pós-exercício. RESULTADOS: Os resultados encontrados indicam menor REC-FC nos 10, 20, 30 e 40 segundos após o exercício meio agachamento em comparação ao supino horizontal. CONCLUSÃO: Os achados confirmam a influência do grupamento muscular na resposta autonômica cardíaca pós-esforço, no ER.

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Muscle Morphological and Strength Adaptations to Endurance Vs. Resistance Training

Cited by 71 publications

References 40 publications

Relative distribution of quadriceps head anatomical cross-sectional areas and volumes—Sensitivity to pain and to training intervention

Relative distribution of quadriceps head anatomical cross-sectional areas and volumes—Sensitivity to pain and to training intervention

Use it or lose it: multiscale skeletal muscle adaptation to mechanical stimuli

Influência do grupamento muscular na recuperação da frequência cardíaca após o exercício resistido

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