Muscle mineral profile of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) reared in different production systems of the Brazilian Eastern Amazon

Abstract

Healthy food must have an adequate balance of macroelements, such as calcium or phosphorus and, microelements, such as iron, copper. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of three extensive systems, during the dry and rainy seasons, and an intensive (feedlot) system in the Eastern Amazon, on the muscle mineral profile of water buffaloes. In total, 12 male buffaloes, aged between 24 and 36 months, slaughtered in commercial slaughterhouses, were used in each of the systems considered: Marajó island, Santarém, Nova Timboteua, and a feedlot. Approximately 5 g of muscle was collected, stored, and frozen, until freeze-dried. The samples were analyzed for the mineral profile using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). There were significant differences (P < 0.05) for concentrations of sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe). Extensive and intensive systems showed significant differences (P < 0.05) for Na, Ca, S, Cu, and Fe concentrations. The season also influenced (P < 0.05) K, Ca, P, S, Zn, and Fe concentrations. The location and season of the year had a significant interaction (P < 0.05) for K, Mg, P, Zn, and Fe concentrations. The study showed that the different Amazonian production systems and the year season influenced the levels of minerals present in buffalo muscle. The values obtained were, in general, higher in extensive production systems, and Marajó Island stood out with higher mineral values in the dry season. Therefore, the meat from animals reared in these systems is a good mineral source for daily human needs.

The Characterization of Pastures by Grazing Cycle and Evaluation of Supplementation with Agro-Industry Co-Products on the Performance of Buffaloes in the Humid Tropics

“…Recent findings could be examined in conjunction with physiological parameters such as core temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, surface temperature, and weather conditions. This approach would enable a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of a specific production system on animal performance [ 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 ].…”

A Review of the Nutritional Aspects and Composition of the Meat, Liver and Fat of Buffaloes in the Amazon

“…Thus, in Figure 3, we provide some daily values of adequate mineral intake for men and women between the ages of 19 and 50. Rodrigues et al [16] showed that adequate levels of minerals such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) are found in the liver of aquatic buffaloes raised in Marajó. These nutrients are indispensable for human nutrition, since they act by regulating the body's water balance, nerve impulses, muscle Rodrigues et al [16] showed that adequate levels of minerals such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) are found in the liver of aquatic buffaloes raised in Marajó.…”

“…Rodrigues et al [16] showed that adequate levels of minerals such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) are found in the liver of aquatic buffaloes raised in Marajó. These nutrients are indispensable for human nutrition, since they act by regulating the body's water balance, nerve impulses, muscle Rodrigues et al [16] showed that adequate levels of minerals such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) are found in the liver of aquatic buffaloes raised in Marajó. These nutrients are indispensable for human nutrition, since they act by regulating the body's water balance, nerve impulses, muscle contraction and relaxation, blood pressure, coagulation process, maintenance of bone health, secretion of hormones, formation of antibodies, and bones and teeth [63][64][65][66].…”

Evaluation of the Composition of the Cholesterol, Tocopherols, β-Carotene and Fatty Acids Profile of the Liver Tissue of Male Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) Managed in Different Ecosystems of the Eastern Amazon

“…Ninety-six male water buffaloes were used (12 per sampling period), aged between 24 and 36 months, with average weights of 432 kg (end of the rainy season) and 409 kg (end of the dry season). The sample was the same as that used in the study by Rodrigues et al [6], Rodrigues et al [7] and Silva et al [8]. Tissue samples were collected in commercial slaughterhouses, in each of the considered ecosystems.…”

“…These variations influence the composition of the soil and pastures throughout the year, which, in turn, influence the production strategies and the composition of the animals' tissues [5][6][7]. This occurs because the main ruminant rearing system in these areas is extensive: in native pasture ecosystems in areas subject to flooding, distributed on the island of Marajó; native to flooded areas, in the Lower and Middle Amazon microregion; and cultivated on unflooded areas, in areas originally forested [6][7][8][9][10].…”