Muscle microcirculation alterations and relation to dipping status in newly diagnosed untreated patients with arterial hypertension—A pilot study

Tzanis, Georgios; Dimopoulos, Stavros; Manetos, Chris; Koroboki, Eleni; Vasileiadis, Ioannis; Nanas, Serafim

doi:10.1111/micc.12384

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…In several tissues, capillary density was shown to be inversely correlated with blood pressure [28]. Furthermore, capillary rarefaction in skeletal muscle is associated with the elevation of arterial pressure in hypertensive individuals [29], and individuals with hypertension are often accompanied by skeletal muscle capillary rarefaction [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adequate skeletal muscle capillarization is not only beneficial to reduce peripheral resistance but also can provide enough amino acids and growth factors for skeletal muscle, thus promoting protein synthesis and muscle hypertrophy [13,14]. Individuals with hypertension often exhibit microcirculation impairment [15]. Accumulating evidence showed that exercise, no matter resistance exercise or endurance exercise, could increase skeletal muscle capillarization [16] and improve muscle hypertrophy [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerobic Exercise Attenuates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction through Promoting Skeletal Muscle Microcirculation and Increasing Muscle Mass

Yuan

Du²,

Wei

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Aerobic exercise has been proven to have a positive effect on cardiac function after hypertension; however, the mechanism is not entirely clarified. Skeletal muscle mass and microcirculation are closely associated with blood pressure and cardiac function. Objective. This study was designed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on the skeletal muscle capillary and muscle mass, to explore the possible mechanisms involved in exercise-induced mitigation of cardiac dysfunction in pressure overload mice. Methods. In this study, 60 BALB/C mice aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into 3 groups: control (CON), TAC, and TAC plus exercise (TAE) group and utilized transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to establish hypertensive model; meanwhile, treadmill training is used for aerobic exercise. After 5 days of recovery, mice in the TAE group were subjected to 10-week aerobic exercise. Carotid pressure and cardiac function were examined before mice were executed by Millar catheter and ultrasound, respectively. Muscle mass of gastrocnemius was weighed; cross-sectional area and the number of capillaries of gastrocnemius were detected by HE and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The mRNA and protein levels of VEGF in skeletal muscle were determined by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Results. We found that ① 10-week aerobic exercise counteracted hypertension and attenuated cardiac dysfunction in TAC-induced hypertensive mice; ② TAC decreased muscle mass of gastrocnemius and resulted in muscle atrophy, while 10-week aerobic exercise could reserve transverse aortic constriction-induced the decline of muscle mass and muscle atrophy; and ③ TAC reduced the number of capillaries and the protein level of VEGF in gastrocnemius, whereas 10-week aerobic exercise augmented the number of capillaries, the mRNA and protein levels of VEGF in mice were subjected to TAC surgery. Conclusions. This study indicates that 10-week aerobic exercise might fulfill its blood pressure-lowering effect via improving skeletal muscle microcirculation and increasing muscle mass.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%