Muscle glycogen in exercised miniature horses at various body conditions and fed a control or fat-supplemented diet

Jones, D. Gareth; Potter, G.D.; Greene, L. W.; Odom, T.W.

doi:10.1016/s0737-0806(06)81334-1

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…lower muscle pH from 0 to 6 h post-mortem. High levels of dietary fat (10%) in horse diets lead to an approximate 30% increase in muscle glycogen (Jones et al 1992). If dietary fat promotes glycogen loading in pig muscle, and pST treatment under stressful conditions increases the incidence of PSE meat, the opportunity for a further negative interaction between pST treatment and dietary fat exists.…”

Section: Carcass Physical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of porcine somatotropin, gender and porcine stress syndrome on growth, carcass composition and pork quality

Dugan¹,

Tong²,

Carlson³

et al. 1997

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 1997. The effects of porcine somatotropin, gender and porcine stress syndrome on growth, carcass composition and pork quality. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 77: 233-240. Lacombe breed pigs (72 gilts, 72 barrows) of three genotypes with respect to the porcine stress syndrome (normal, heterozygous, or homozygous for the halothane gene), were treated from 57 to 106 kg body weight with daily injections of 0.9% saline containing 0 or 3 mg of recombinant porcine somatotropin (pST) in a randomized block design. Pigs receiving pST had lower average daily feed intakes (ADF), greater average daily gains (ADG) and lower feed conversion efficiencies (FCE). Gilts relative to barrows had lower ADG, ADF and higher FCE. Gilts versus barrows and pigs treated with pST had reduced fat depths and greater loin depths at the 10th rib. Pigs homozygous for the halothane gene had reduced loin lean structure and color scores, greater light reflectance (L * ), and lower soluble protein contents as expected, and these genotypic effects did not interact with pST treatment. Sex by pST treatment interactions (P < 0.05) were found for loin depth, moisture content, color score and L * values indicating barrows respond more favorably to pST treatment than gilts. Generally, pST treatment, gilts relative to barrows, and possession of the halothane gene increased carcass lean and reduced subcutaneous fat levels. Sex by pST treatment interactions were found for picnic lean (lower shoulder; P < 0.05), ham lean (P < 0.05), and total carcass lean (P = 0.09) further supporting the theory that barrows benefit more than gilts to pST treatment. No significant interactions were found between genotype and pST treatment for any qualitative muscle traits. Thus, pST treatment had no direct effect on meat quality and was not found to interact with the halothane gene. However, pST interactions with sex indicated barrows respond quantitatively and qualitatively more favorably than gilts to pST treatment.Key words: Somatotropin, porcine somatotropin, pork, porcine stress syndrome, stress, pigs, growth Dugan, M. E. R., Tong, A. K. W., Carlson, J. P., Schricker, B. R., Aalhus, J. L., Schaefer, A. L., Sather, A. P., Murray, A. C. et Jones, S. D. M. 1997. Effets de la somatotropine porcine, du genre et du syndrome du stress porcin sur la croissance, sur la composition de la carcasse et sur la qualité de la viande chez le porc. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 77: 233-240. Des porcs de race Lacombe, 72 cochettes et 72 castrats, appartenant à trois génotypes différents selon la sensibilité au syndrome du stress porcin (normal, hétérozygote ou homozygote pour le gene de sensibilité à l'halothane) ont reçu, à partir du poids de 57 jusqu'à celui de 106 kg, des injections journalières d'un soluté à 0,9 % contenant 0 ou 3 mg de somatotropine porcine recombinante (rbST). L'expérience était conduite selon un dispositif aléatoire par blocs. Les sujets recevant la rbST manifestaient un taux d'ingestion moyen (T.I.) plus bas, un meilleur GMQ et un moindre indice de conversion (IC). Par rapport aux castr...

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Section: Carcass Physical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of porcine somatotropin, gender and porcine stress syndrome on growth, carcass composition and pork quality

Dugan¹,

Tong²,

Carlson³

et al. 1997

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…24,[112][113][114][115][116] This increased concentration of muscle glycogen in resting muscles has been associated with increased β-oxidation in horses fed fat-supplemented diets. For example, increased activity of citrate synthase and a slight increase in activity of β-hydroxyacetyl CoA dehydrogenase were observed in muscles of horses after 10 weeks of eating a fat-supplemented diet.…”

Section: Effect Of Cho Administration On Muscle Glycogen Stores-musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of substrate availability, exercise performance, and nutrition with muscle glycogen metabolism in horses

Lacombe¹,

Hinchcliff²,

Taylor³

2003

javma

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B ecause they are performance animals, the use of a horse depends on its ability to perform muscular work. Factors such as training and age may contribute to the onset of fatigue, but the principal factor limiting muscular performance is the availability of energy substrate, mainly glycogen in skeletal muscles and the liver and triglycerides in various fat reserves. Protein degradation contributes a small amount to energy production (approx 10% to 15%). 1 During exercise, increased energy demand to sustain muscle contraction is matched by increased substrate use. For brief and intense exercise, anaerobic energy supplied by ATP and phosphocreatine provides sufficient fuel for about 30 seconds. 2 Therefore, the factor limiting muscular performance during exercise bouts of > 30 seconds is the availability of glucose to enter glycolytic flux in the case of anaerobic metabolism or the oxidative phosphorylation pathway in the case of aerobic metabolism. Carbohydrate (CHO) in the form of muscle glycogen is the primary energy source for anaerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation during vigorous exercise in humans and horses. 3,4 As the duration of submaximal exercise increases, increased oxidation of free fatty acids provides the majority of the aerobic energy supply. a Despite increased reliance on lipid use, intramuscular glycogen is also an important fuel during prolonged exercise. 5,6 The first objective of the information reported here was to review the role of muscle glycogen as a critical fuel for contracting skeletal muscle. Our second objective was to review the effect of nutrition on muscle glycogen stores in the context of nutritional strategies to optimize performance for horses competing several times on the same day or horses competing in endurance events. Role of Muscle Glycogen as a Fuel During ExerciseImportance of the depletion of muscle glycogen during exercise-Athletic horses frequently perform endurance exercise and multiple bouts of moderate to intense fatiguing exercise during show jumping, racing, and polo, as well as during conventional warm-up exercise. Exercise substantially decreases the glycogen concentration in working muscle of humans, with the extent of the decrease depending on the intensity, duration, and frequency of exercise. 7,8 Similar to the situation in humans, running reduces the concentration of muscle glycogen in horses. 6,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Decreases in concentration of muscle glycogen induced by fatiguing exercise are similar when performing prolonged submaximal running or repeated bouts of galloping. 6,12,19,25 Thoroughbreds that performed a single bout of galloping for a distance of 800 to 2,000 m or Standardbreds that trotted a distance of 1,600 m had depletions in muscle glycogen concentrations of approximately 30% (Fig 1), 12,16,18 whereas 4

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“…As glycogen is the primary substrate during intense exercise, these additional stores of glycogen might then be available for use during anaerobic exercise and subsequently delay the onset of fatigue. Studies have shown that when horses were fed 10-12°/~ fat in the diet, resting muscle glycogen increased (Oldham et al 1990;Jones et al 1991 ;Harkins et al 1992;Scott et al 1992;Hughes el al. 1995).…”

Section: N U T R I T I O N a N D Metabolism I N The Athletic H O R S mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Recent Research on Nutrition and Metabolism in the Athletic Horse

Hiney

Potter

1996

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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Muscle glycogen in exercised miniature horses at various body conditions and fed a control or fat-supplemented diet

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

The effects of porcine somatotropin, gender and porcine stress syndrome on growth, carcass composition and pork quality

The effects of porcine somatotropin, gender and porcine stress syndrome on growth, carcass composition and pork quality

Interactions of substrate availability, exercise performance, and nutrition with muscle glycogen metabolism in horses

A Review of Recent Research on Nutrition and Metabolism in the Athletic Horse

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