Muscle fibre type composition in infant and adult populations and relationships with obesity

Kriketos, Adamandia D.; Baur, Louise A.; O’Connor, Janice; Carey, David; King, Shalinie; Caterson, Ian D.; Storlien, L. H.

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800476

Cited by 90 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Despite this lack of consensus regarding the rate of fatigue development in obese people, we suggest that obese individuals could fatigue to a greater extent than their normal weight counterparts because of (i) their higher absolute strength/power capacity (Abdelmoula et al 2012;Maffiuletti et al 2013;Tsiros et al 2013) and (ii) their potentially higher amount of fast-fatigable muscle fibers (Kriketos et al 1997;Wade et al 1990). Indeed, it has been shown that the higher neuromuscular fatigue of healthy men vs. women was no longer observed when subjects were matched for absolute MVC force (Hunter et al 2004), suggesting that the higher the MVC force, the higher is the muscle fatigue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Obesity-related differences in neuromuscular fatigue in adolescent girls

García-Vicencio

Martín²,

Kluka³

et al. 2015

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Obesity-related differences in neuromuscular fatigue in adolescent girls

García-Vicencio

Martín²,

Kluka³

et al. 2015

Eur J Appl Physiol

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“…9,53 Other investigators found that increased BMI was associated with increased % (glycolytic) type IIb ®bres and reduced % (oxidative) type IIa ®bres. 54,55 Also malate dehydrogenase, a marker enzyme for the tricarboxylic acidcycle, but not 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (HADH), a marker enzyme for the fatty acid b-oxidation, activity was found to correlate negatively with body fat. 53 Kempen 9 found no change in muscle ®bre type distribution after an 11 kg weight loss in obese Training and obesity MA van Baak et al women.…”

Section: Oxidative Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise training and substrate utilisation in obesity

Baak

1999

Int J Obes

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Together with diet and behavioural modi®cation, regular exercise is one of the key components of programs for the treatment of obesity. It appears to be one of the major factors determining the long-term success of weight loss programs. One of the mechanisms that may underlie this and other bene®cial effects of regular exercise is the effect of exercise training on substrate utilisation. Exercise training increases fat oxidation in lean subjects. The capacity to mobilise and oxidise fat has been shown to be impaired in obese and post-obese subjects. Thus, an increase in the capacity for fat oxidation may help to maintain fat and energy balance at a lower fat mass in individuals with a predisposition for obesity. However, in view of the impaired fat oxidation in obese and post-obese individuals the question arises whether exercise training also increases fat oxidation in the obese. Few studies have addressed this question and have investigated the effect of exercise training on substrate utilisation in obesity. Addition of an exercise training program has been shown to prevent the reduction of basal fat oxidation that is associated with dietinduced weight loss in two studies. No effect of additional exercise training on substrate oxidation during exercise was found. In post-obese subjects exercise training caused no change in 24 h substrate oxidation in one study and increased carbohydrate, rather than fat oxidation in another. In obese subjects neither low (40% maximal aerobic ®tness (VO 2 max)) nor high (70% VO 2 max) intensity training was found to affect resting substrate oxidation. During exercise fractional fat oxidation was increased after low, but not after high intensity training. The question, whether exercise training increases fat oxidation in obese and post-obese as in lean subjects therefore cannot be answered conclusively at this point in time and requires further study. The role of exercise intensity and type of exercise needs to be studied as well.

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“…Greater fatigue in these muscles could thus be seen as a limiting factor for motor performance. Owing to the higher proportion of fast-fatigable fibers described in obese human skeletal muscles [3,4], it could be envisaged that obese people would experience an enhanced fatigability as compared to their lean counterparts. Intuitively, one can also expect that the high levels of power required by obese subjects to move their massive body during ambulatory and sport activities may lead to enhanced fatigability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Obesity on In Vivo Human Skeletal Muscle Function

et al. 2013

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Despite the considerable efforts that have been made to characterize in vivo human skeletal muscle function in the last 20 years, there is still controversy about whether obesity affects muscle performance in people of different ages. We therefore reviewed the available literature to determine the impact of obesity on skeletal muscle strength and fatigue. Obese individuals have (i) higher absolute muscle strength, (ii) lower strength per unit body mass, (iii) a similar strength to total fat-free mass ratio and (iv) a similar/higher strength to muscle size ratio compared to their nonobese peers. These results suggest that obesity does not negatively affect the intrinsic muscle contractile properties. Moreover, the available evidence does not show differences in muscle fatigue between obese and nonobese individuals. Therefore, factors such as the handicapping effect of excess fat mass and/or impaired motor coordination may account for the poor physical performance of obese people of all ages.

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Muscle fibre type composition in infant and adult populations and relationships with obesity

Cited by 90 publications

References 20 publications

Obesity-related differences in neuromuscular fatigue in adolescent girls

Obesity-related differences in neuromuscular fatigue in adolescent girls

Exercise training and substrate utilisation in obesity

The Impact of Obesity on In Vivo Human Skeletal Muscle Function

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