Muscle fiber type is associated with obesity  and weight loss

Tanner, Charles J.; Barakat, Hisham A.; Dohm, G. Lynis; Pories, Walter J.; MacDonald, Kenneth G.; Cunningham, Paul; Swanson, Melvin; Houmard, Joseph A.

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00416.2001

Cited by 401 publications

(397 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

355

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Using QRT-PCR and Western blot techniques, we were able to detect a decrease in type 1 MHC mRNA and protein expression levels in PLN muscles of swine on DMetS diet. Previous studies in humans showed that obese individuals with or without NIDDM had a significantly lower percentage of type 1 and higher percentage of type 2b/x muscle fibers than lean individuals (10,17,24,25,29,35). Overall, the trends we noted in changes of fiber type composition in muscles of Ossabaw swine on MetS and DMetS diets are highly consistent with findings in obese and NIDDM humans.…”

Section: E853supporting

confidence: 89%

“…Lillioja et al (22) showed that in vivo insulin action determined by the euglycemic clamp was positively correlated with the percentage of type 1 fibers and negatively correlated with the percentage of type 2b/x fibers in vastus lateralis muscles of humans. Several studies showed that obese individuals with or without type 2 diabetes had a significantly lower percentage of type 1 and a higher percentage of type 2b/x muscle fibers than lean individuals (2,10,17,24,25,29,35).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome on skeletal muscles of Ossabaw miniature swine

Clark

Alloosh

Wenzel

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

TY. Effect of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome on skeletal muscles of Ossabaw miniature swine. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 300: E848 -E857, 2011. First published February 8, 2011 doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00534.2010.-Ossabaw swine fed excess kilocalorie diet develop metabolic syndrome (MS) characterized by obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance with/ without dyslipidemia. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that MS would have a detrimental effect on skeletal muscle structure and cause changes in the expression of myosin heavy chains (MHCs). Adult male Ossabaw swine were fed for 24 wk highfructose or high-fat/cholesterol/fructose diets to induce normolipidemic MS (MetS) or dyslipidemic MS (DMetS), respectively, and were compared with the lean swine on control diet. MetS swine showed mild MS, lacking increases in total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, both of which were highly upregulated in DMetS swine. There was an ϳ1.2-fold increase in the cross-sectional areas of muscle fibers in MetS and DMetS groups compared with control for biceps femoris and plantaris muscles. In plantaris muscles, DMetS diet caused an ϳ2-fold decrease in slow MHC mRNA and protein expression and an ϳ1.2-to 1.8-fold increase in the number of intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) droplets without large changes in the size of the droplets. There was a trend to the decrease in slow MHC expression in muscles of swine on MetS diet. The number of IMCL droplets in muscle fibers of the MetS group was comparable to controls. These data correlate well with the data on total plasma cholesterol (control ϭ 60, MetS ϭ 70, and DMetS ϭ 298 mg/dl) and LDL (control ϭ 29, MetS ϭ 30, and DMetS ϭ 232 mg/dl). We conclude that structural changes observed in skeletal muscle of obese Ossabaw swine correlate with those previously reported for obese humans. obesity; fiber type composition; intramyocellular lipids; myosin heavy chains SKELETAL MUSCLE CONSTITUTES more than 40% of the total body weight and is one of the most important organs for glucose homeostasis. The mass and composition of skeletal muscle are critical for its functions. Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of both insulin resistance and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Obesityrelated abnormalities lead to excessive accumulation of triglycerides and fatty acids in skeletal muscle fibers in the form of intramyocellular lipids (IMCL). IMCL accumulation is strongly associated with the impairment of glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, deficiency in energy production, insulin resistance, and eventually the development of type 2 diabetes (reviewed in Refs. 3 and 26).The fiber type composition of skeletal muscle has strong effects on metabolism and utilization of glucose and lipids. Lillioja et al. (22) showed that in vivo insulin action determined by the euglycemic clamp was positively correlated with the percentage of type 1 fibers and negatively correlated with the percentage of type 2b/x fibers in vastus lateralis ...

show abstract

Section: E853supporting

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome on skeletal muscles of Ossabaw miniature swine

Clark

Alloosh

Wenzel

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has also been shown that myostatin expression in muscle is reduced acutely with endurance and resistance exercise (39). Because physical inactivity and a glycolytic fiber type distribution are common features of obesity, elevated myostatin levels could also be secondary to sedentary lifestyle (40,41). Because insulin resistance is not consistently maintained in primary cultured muscle cells, increased myostatin expression could be an inherent characteristic of the extremely obese (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Secretion and Expression of Myostatin in Skeletal Muscle From Extremely Obese Women

et al. 2009

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE-Obesity is associated with endocrine abnormalities that predict the progression of insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes. Because skeletal muscle has been shown to secrete proteins that could be used as biomarkers, we characterized the secreted protein profile of muscle cells derived from extremely obese (BMI 48.8 Ϯ 14.8 kg/m 2 ; homeostasis model assessment [HOMA] 3.6 Ϯ 1.0) relative to lean healthy subjects (BMI 25.7 Ϯ 3.2 kg/m 2 ; HOMA 0.8 Ϯ 0.2).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-We hypothesized that skeletal muscle would secrete proteins that predict the severity of obesity. To test this hypothesis, we used a "bottom-up" experimental design using stable isotope labeling by amino acids in culture (SILAC) and liquid chromatography/mass spectometry/ mass spectometry (LC-MS/MS) to both identify and quantify proteins secreted from cultured myotubes derived from extremely obese compared with healthy nonobese women.RESULTS-Using SILAC, we discovered a 2.9-fold increase in the secretion of myostatin from extremely obese human myotubes. The increased secretion and biological activity of myostatin were validated by immunoblot (3.16 Ϯ 0.18, P Ͻ 0.01) and a myoblast proliferation assay using conditioned growth medium. Myostatin was subsequently shown to increase in skeletal muscle (23%, P Ͻ 0.05) and plasma (35%, P Ͻ 0.05) and to correlate (r 2 ϭ 0.6, P Ͻ 0.05) with the severity of insulin resistance.CONCLUSIONS-Myostatin is a potent antianabolic regulator of muscle mass that may also play a role in energy metabolism. These findings show that increased expression of myostatin in skeletal muscle with obesity and insulin resistance results in elevated circulating myostatin. This may contribute to systemic metabolic deterioration of skeletal muscle with the progression of insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 58: [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] 2009 O besity and type 2 diabetes are associated with endocrine abnormalities that are either precipitated by or precede the onset of peripheral insulin resistance (1). These include changes in circulating proteins and peptides that produce endothelial dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, and a prothrombotic state, all of which contribute to increased cardiovascular risk (2-4). Secreted proteins or the "secretome" constitute an important class of biologically active molecules that are released into circulation where they facilitate cross-talk between organ systems. Because secreted proteins are also involved in the progression of cardiovascular disease and cancer, there is significant interest in mining the secretome for novel biological markers (5). Whereas endocrine organs specialize in the secretion of proteins into circulation, there is mounting evidence that adipose tissue and skeletal muscle constitutively or intermittently secrete bioactive proteins (6,7). In this study, we hypothesized that skeletal muscle of extremely obese and insulinresistant women would secrete proteins into circulation that act as prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers of obesityass...

show abstract

“…Obese and diabetic patients have reduced oxidative capacity, increased glycolytic capacity and a decreased percentage of type I fibers in muscles [38][39]. Increasing the percentage of oxidative fibers can lead to improved insulin action and reduced adipocyte size [3][4][5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRPV1 activation improves exercise endurance and energy metabolism through PGC-1α upregulation in mice

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Impaired aerobic exercise capacity and skeletal muscle dysfunction are associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Acute administration of capsaicin enhances exercise endurance in rodents, but the long-term effect of dietary capsaicin is unknown. The capsaicin receptor, the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) cation channel has been detected in skeletal muscle, the role of which remains unclear. Here we report the function of TRPV1 in cultured C2C12 myocytes and the effect of TRPV1 activation by dietary capsaicin on energy metabolism and exercise endurance of skeletal muscles in mice. In vitro, capsaicin increased cytosolic free calcium and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression in C2C12 myotubes through activating TRPV1. In vivo, PGC-1α in skeletal muscle was upregulated by capsaicin-induced TRPV1 activation or genetic overexpression of TRPV1 in mice. TRPV1 activation increased the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial respiration, promoted mitochondrial biogenesis, increased oxidative fibers, enhanced exercise endurance and prevented high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders. Importantly, these effects of capsaicin were absent in TRPV1-deficient mice. We conclude that TRPV1 activation by dietary capsaicin improves energy metabolism and exercise endurance by upregulating PGC-1α in skeletal muscles. The present results indicate a novel therapeutic strategy for managing metabolic diseases and improving exercise endurance.

show abstract

Muscle fiber type is associated with obesity and weight loss

Cited by 401 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome on skeletal muscles of Ossabaw miniature swine

Effect of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome on skeletal muscles of Ossabaw miniature swine

Increased Secretion and Expression of Myostatin in Skeletal Muscle From Extremely Obese Women

TRPV1 activation improves exercise endurance and energy metabolism through PGC-1α upregulation in mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About