Muscle fiber composition and blood ammonia levels after intense exercise in humans

Dudley, Gary A.; Staron, Robert S.; Murray, Thomas F.; Hagerman, Fredrick C.; Luginbuhl, Amy

doi:10.1152/jappl.1983.54.2.582

Cited by 76 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Probably, the decreased blood ammonia levels in hypoxia can be explained by the significant reduction in time to exhaustion and the concomitantly decreased total ATPbreakdown. Similar to previous reports of Dudley et al (1983), Ravier et al (2006), and Taylor and Bronks (1996), a significant correlation between blood lactate and ammonia concentration was observed in normoxia (R = 0.597, P < 0.001). In contrast to the findings of Taylor and Bronks (1996), who reported concurrent increases in lactate and ammonia concentration during incremental cycle ergometry, not only in normoxia but also in hypoxia (FiO 2 0.135), maximal capillary lacate and ammonia concentrations were not significantly correlated in the present study (R = 0.144, P = 0.60 in hypoxia).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of acute moderate hypoxia on anaerobic capacity in endurance-trained runners

et al. 2007

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While there is some controversy whether anaerobic capacity might be improved after altitude training little is known about changes in anaerobic capacity during hypoxic exposure in highly trained athletes. In order to analyze the effects of acute moderate normobaric hypoxia on anaerobic capacity, 18 male competitive triathletes, middle- and long-distance runners VO2max 67.4 +/- 3.8 ml kg min(-1) performed 2 supra-VO2max treadmill runs with the same speed, one in normoxia and one after 4 h exposure to normobaric hypoxia (FiO(2) 0.15), for estimation of their maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) and measurement of peak capillary lactate and peak capillary ammonia concentration. MAOD was not significantly different in normoxia and in moderate hypoxia while time to exhaustion and accumulated O(2) uptake were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced in hypoxia compared to normoxia by 28 and 45%, respectively. The reduction in time to exhaustion was significantly correlated to the decrement in accumulated O(2) uptake (R = 0.730, P = 0.001). In hypoxia, there was a tendency for peak capillary lactate concentration to be decreased compared to normoxia (12.9 +/- 2.1 vs. 13.8 +/- 2.2 mmol l(-1), P = 0.082); peak capillary ammonia concentration was significantly decreased in hypoxia (97 +/- 52 vs. 121 +/- 44 micromol l(-1), P = 0.032). In conclusion, anaerobic capacity is not significantly changed during acute exposure to moderate hypoxia in endurance-trained athletes. The performance reduction during all-out exercise of short duration has to be attributed to the decrement in aerobic capacity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of acute moderate hypoxia on anaerobic capacity in endurance-trained runners

et al. 2007

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“…There is an inverse relationship between the percentage of slow-twitch fibers (%ST) and the increase in blood ammonia after intense exercise (Dudley, Staron, Murray, Hagerman, & Luginbuhl, 1983). This is consistent with the fact that glycolytic type lIb fiber is rich in AMP deaminase, the major source of ammonia during intense exercise.…”

Section: Sprinting Exercisesupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Activating AMP deaminase results in a large amount of ammonia in the blood. During maximal exercise, blood ammonia levels increase with a higher %IT (Dudley et al, 1983). At low workloads, ST fibers low in AMP deaminase are mainly used (Gollnick & Sembrowich, 1977).…”

Section: Muscle Fiber Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Literature on the Application of Blood Ammonia Measurement in Sports Science

Yuan¹,

Chan

2000

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport

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This article summarizes previous studies on blood ammonia levels in relation to exercise. The dynamics of blood ammonia were reviewed with consideration to its production, removal, and distribution in various tissue compartments. During intense exercise, the primary source of ammonia is adenosine monophosphate deamination. Catabolism of branched-chain amino acids becomes important during submaximal exercise. Ammonia response to various types of exercise was also compared to lactate response. A comprehensive summary on factors affecting blood ammonia levels is provided. These reveal the possibility of applying blood ammonia measurement in monitoring and prescribing exercise, indirect measurement of muscle fiber composition, and muscle glycogen levels. However, more studies need to be conducted to evaluate these possibilities before blood ammonia measurement can be widely used.

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“…It has been demonstrated in humans that the activity of the PNC and blood ammonia production is predominantly a reflection of fast twitch (type II) fibre activity during short-term intense exercise [27]. DUDLEY et al [28] reported an inverse relationship between the proportion of slow twitch (type I) fibres of the vastus lateralis muscle and ammonia increase during intense exercise in healthy subjects. The current findings of an early increase in plasma ammonia in incremental exercise in subjects with COPD suggest that fast twitch fibre recruitment is occurring at low WRs in this population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The plasma ammonia response to cycle exercise in COPD

Calvert¹,

Singh²,

Greenhaff³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

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The plasma ammonia response to exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was examined and the relationship between plasma ammonia concentration and muscle adenine nucleotide metabolism was explored.In total, 25 stable COPD patients and 13 similar-aged controls underwent incremental and constant-work rate cycle exercise tests. Arterialised venous blood was sampled at rest, at 1-min intervals during exercise and f5 min after exercise for ammonia and lactate concentration.Peak incremental work rate was significantly less in COPD subjects (67¡21 W) than similar-aged controls (156¡46 W). In COPD and control subjects, plasma ammonia concentration increased during incremental exercise until 2 min post-exercise and then declined by 5 min post-exercise. However, two distinct patterns were seen in COPD subjects. In one group (n516), ammonia increased (42.8¡3.3 mmol?L ). In the second COPD group (n59), no ammonia increase was observed despite a similar lactate increase. Ammonia change with incremental and constant-work rate exercise strongly correlated in COPD subjects. Plasma ammonia increase correlated with muscle inosine-59-monophosphate formation after constant-work rate exercise.Plasma ammonia concentration increases during incremental and constant-work rate cycle exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subjects at lower absolute work rates compared with similar-aged controls. The plasma ammonia response may provide useful information about adenine nucleotide metabolism and, therefore, muscle fatigue during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

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Muscle fiber composition and blood ammonia levels after intense exercise in humans

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of acute moderate hypoxia on anaerobic capacity in endurance-trained runners

Effects of acute moderate hypoxia on anaerobic capacity in endurance-trained runners

A Review of the Literature on the Application of Blood Ammonia Measurement in Sports Science

The plasma ammonia response to cycle exercise in COPD

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