Muscle Deoxygenation during Repeated Sprint Running: Effect of Active vs. Passive Recovery

Buchheit, Martin; Cormie, Prue; Abbiss, Chris R.; Ahmaı̈di, Saı̈d; Nosaka, Kazunori; Laursen, Paul B.

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1105933

Cited by 99 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Improved blood flow may increase nutrient delivery. Thus, there is a possibility for a greater effect of circulating amino acids (Morgan et al 1971;Bohé et al 2003), glucose (Baron et al 1994;Baron and Clark 1997), and oxygen (Buchheit et al 2009), which may enhance anabolic signaling and/or acute exercise performance, leading to amplified chronic adaptations (Buchheit et al 2009;Rodriguez et al 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men

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Vogel

et al. 2015

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Adenosine-5=-triphosphate (ATP) is primarily known as a cellular source of energy. Increased ATP levels may have the potential to enhance body composition. A novel, proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extracts has been reported to increase ATP levels, potentially by enhancing mitochondrial ATP production. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to determine the supplement's effects on body composition when consumed during 12 weeks of resistance training. Twenty-five healthy, resistance-trained, male subjects (age, 27.7 ± 4.8 years; height, 176.0 ± 6.5 cm; body mass, 83.2 ± 12.1 kg) completed this study. Subjects supplemented once daily with either 1 serving (150 mg) of a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extracts (TRT) or placebo (PLA). Supervised resistance training consisted of 8 weeks of daily undulating periodized training followed by a 2-week overreach and a 2-week taper phase. Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and ultrasound at weeks 0, 4, 8, 10, and 12. Vital signs and blood markers were assessed at weeks 0, 8, and 12. Significant group × time (p < 0.05) interactions were present for ultrasound-determined cross-sectional area, which increased in TRT (+0.91 cm 2 ) versus PLA (-0.08 cm 2 ), as well as muscle thickness (TRT: +0.46; PLA: +0.04 cm). A significant group × time (p < 0.05) interaction existed for creatinine (TRT: +0.06; PLA: +0.15 mg/dL), triglycerides (TRT: +24.1; PLA: -20.2 mg/dL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (TRT: +4.9; PLA: -3.9 mg/dL), which remained within clinical ranges. Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extracts may enhance resistance training-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy without affecting fat mass or blood chemistry in healthy males.Key words: ElevATP, strength training, weight lifting, muscle mass, fat mass, blood chemistry, safety, periodization, sports nutrition, sport. On observe une interaction groupe-temps significative (p < 0,05) de la surface de section transversale mesurée par ultrasonographie, laquelle augmente dans le groupe TRT (+0,91 cm 2 ) vs PLA (-0,08 cm 2 ); il en est de même de l'épaisseur du muscle (TRT : +0,46 cm; PLA: +0,04 cm). On observe aussi une interaction groupe-temps significative (p < 0,05) en ce qui concerne la créatinine (TRT : +0,06; PLA : +0,15 mg/dL), les triglycérides (TRT : +24,1; PLA : -20,2 mg/dL) et les VLDL (TRT : +4,9; PLA : -3,9 mg/dL) dont les valeurs demeurent dans la normale clinique. La supplémentation au moyen d'un mélange exclusif d'extraits de tourbe ancienne et de pomme peut améliorer l'hypertrophie du muscle squelettique causée par un entraînement contre résistance, et ce, sans modifier la masse adipeuse et la chimie sanguine d'hommes en bonne santé. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men

Joy

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Vogel

et al. 2015

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…The acute physiological responses to repeated-sprint running have already been described in the field (i.e., straightline sprints, Buchheit et al 2007) or on a non-motorized treadmill (Buchheit et al 2009b), with both protocols eliciting high O 2 uptake ( _ VO 2 ) and muscle deoxygenation levels (suggestive of an important reliance on muscular O 2 extraction, DeLorey et al 2005;Esaki et al 2005). Compared with straight-line sprints, repeated shuttle-sprints were been shown to elicit a greater systemic physiological load, but not a greater vastus lateralis deoxygenation (Buchheit et al 2010a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Performance and physiological responses to repeated-sprint and jump sequences

Buchheit

2010

Eur J Appl Physiol

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In this study, the performance and selected physiological responses to team-sport specific repeated-sprint and jump sequence were investigated. On four occasions, 13 team-sport players (22 ± 3 year) performed alternatively six repeated maximal straight-line or shuttle-sprints interspersed with a jump ([RS(+j), 6 × 25 m] or [RSS(+j), 6 × (2 × 12.5 m)]) or not ([RS, 6 × 25 m] or [RSS, 6 × (2 × 12.5 m)]) within each recovery period. Mean running time, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), pulmonary oxygen uptake (V(O)₂), blood lactate ([La](b)), and vastus lateralis deoxygenation ([HHb]) were obtained for each condition. Mean sprint times were greater for RS(+j) versus RS (4.14 ± 0.17 vs. 4.09 ± 0.16 s, with the qualitative analysis revealing a 82% chance of RS(+j) times to be greater than RS) and for RSS(+j) versus RSS (5.43 ± 0.18 vs. 5.29 ± 0.17 s; 99% chance of RSS(+j) to be >RSS). The correlation between sprint and jump abilities were large-to-very-large, but below 0.71 for RSSs. Jumps increased RPE (Cohen's d ± 90% CL: +0.7 ± 0.5; 95% chance for RS(+j) > RS and +0.7 ± 0.5; 96% for RSS(+j) > RSS), V(O)₂(+0.4 ± 0.5; 80% for RS(+j) > RS and +0.5 ± 0.5; 86% for RSS(+j) > RSS), [La](b) (+0.5 ± 0.5; 59% for RS(+j) > RS and +0.2 ± 0.5; unclear for RSS(+j) > RSS), and [HHb] (+0.5 ± 0.5; 86% for RS(+j) > RS and +0.5 ± 0.5; 85% for RSS(+j) > RSS). To conclude, repeated- sprint and jump abilities could be considered as specific qualities. The addition of a jump within the recovery periods during repeated-sprint running sequences impairs sprinting performance and might be an effective training practice for eliciting both greater systemic and vastus lateralis physiological loads.

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“…and/or inorganic phosphate (Pi)], which may act to impair muscle function, and/or the ability to restore energy substrates (i.e., ATP and PCr) during recovery (Spencer et al 2005). For instance, active recovery has been shown as a potent means of causing an intramuscular energy status disturbance during both running (Buchheit et al 2009b) and cycling (Spencer et al 2006). Compared to passive recovery during repeated sprinting, active recovery increases muscle deoxygenation (Buchheit et al 2009b) and blood lactate levels (Spencer et al 2006;Buchheit et al 2009b), which in turn, likely reduces the O 2 availability for PCr resynthesis (Haseler et al 1999) and consequently impairs performance (Spencer et al 2006;Buchheit et al 2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, active recovery has been shown as a potent means of causing an intramuscular energy status disturbance during both running (Buchheit et al 2009b) and cycling (Spencer et al 2006). Compared to passive recovery during repeated sprinting, active recovery increases muscle deoxygenation (Buchheit et al 2009b) and blood lactate levels (Spencer et al 2006;Buchheit et al 2009b), which in turn, likely reduces the O 2 availability for PCr resynthesis (Haseler et al 1999) and consequently impairs performance (Spencer et al 2006;Buchheit et al 2009b). During active recovery with repeated sprint swimming (Toubekis et al 2005(Toubekis et al , 2008a, performance is also impaired, but blood lactate levels are consistently reduced (Toubekis et al 2005(Toubekis et al , 2006(Toubekis et al , 2008a, presumably via increased muscle blood flow leading to increased lactate oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of in- versus out-of-water recovery on repeated swimming sprint performance

et al. 2009

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The aim of this study was to compare the effect of passive in- (IN) versus out-of-(OUT) water recovery on performance during repeated maximal sprint swimming. Nine well-trained male swimmers (21 +/- 3.5 years) performed six repeated maximal 50-m sprints (RS), departing every 2 min, interspersed with either IN or OUT recovery. Best (RS(b)) and mean (RS(m)) RS times, percentage speed decrement (%Dec) and between-sprint heart rate recovery (HRR(80s)) were calculated for both conditions. Blood lactate was measured after the third ([La](b) S3) and sixth sprints (post [La](b)). Rating of perceived recovery level (REC) and exertion (RPE) were collected before and after each sprint. Repeated sprint performance was significantly lower in the OUT condition (i.e., for RS(m), P = 0.02, +1.3%, 90% CI -0.7, 3.2%). OUT was also associated with poorer HRR(80s) (P < 0.001, -23%, 90% CI -34, -10%) and higher [La](b) S3 (P < 0.01, +13%, 90% CI -1, 29%). Post [La](b), however, was similar (P = 0.44, +1%, 90% CI -7, 10%). RPE and REC were not significantly different between the two conditions (all P > 0.43). To conclude, present results confirm the beneficial effect of the IN condition on repeated swim sprint performance, but also suggest that the OUT recovery modality could be an effective training practice for eliciting a low intramuscular energy status.

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Muscle Deoxygenation during Repeated Sprint Running: Effect of Active vs. Passive Recovery

Cited by 99 publications

References 35 publications

Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men

Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men

Performance and physiological responses to repeated-sprint and jump sequences

Effect of in- versus out-of-water recovery on repeated swimming sprint performance

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