Muscarine, imidazole, oxazole, and thiazole alkaloids

Abstract

The occurrence, structure determination, biological activities, as well as total syntheses of muscarine, imidazole, oxazole and thiazole alkaloids have been reviewed. The literature covers from the middle of 2001 to the end of 2002, and 149 references are cited.

A one pot synthesis of [1,3,4]-oxadiazoles mediated by molecular iodine

“…It was gratifying to observe that all these reactions proceeded smoothly affording the corresponding 2-amino- [1,3,4]-oxadiazole in good to excellent yields ( Table 2). Various in situ generated thiosemicarbazides (2, 3, 4, and 5) bearing electron-donating groups all gave satisfactory yields of the respective [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl-amines (2a), (3a), (4a), and (5a). Structure of the product (4a) has been confirmed by crystal X-ray crystallography as shown in (Fig.…”

“…14 Our interest to explore the thiophilic properties of hypervalent iodine and molecular iodine toward relevant synthetic transformations 15 has led us to envisage a tandem one-pot synthesis of [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-ylamines. Our anticipated tandem synthetic sequence involves the in situ generation of isothiocyanate from the dithiocarbamate salt using molecular iodine.…”

Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of the Thiazoline and Thiazine Multithioether

“…Nitrogen-containing five-or six-membered heterocyclic compounds such as oxazolines, thiazolines and thiazines are of great interest to organic chemists, because they are present in various natural compounds having interesting bioactivities [1][2][3]. Furthermore, the optically active heterocyclic compounds have been successfully used in asymmetric synthesis as chiral templates [4,5] or ligands [6][7][8][9] reported the synthesis of thioethers and thioesters in acetonitrile.…”

New dioxazole derivatives: Synthesis and effects on the growth of Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia intestinalis

“…Table 1 In vitro activity of Dioxazole derivatives against E. histolytica, G. intestinalis and cytotoxicity profile. IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, electronic spectra and was further supported by FAB MAS. All the compounds were evaluated for their antiamoebic and antigiardial properties.…”

“…Azoles as antifungal agents prevent synthesis of ergosterol, a major component of fungal membranes, by inhibiting the cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes 14-a lanosterol demethylase [12]. The oxazole nucleus is present in wide variety of natural and unnatural biologically active compounds and is useful reagent in the synthesis of a range of biologically active scaffold [13][14][15]. Isoxazole had been screened for antiviral agents because of their good tolerability and potent antiviral activity [16].…”