Municipal solid waste open dumping, implication for land degradation

Abstract

Abstract. Open dumping is the common procedure for final disposal of MSW in Iran. Several environmental pollutions and land degradation have caused because of poor planning, insufficient financial resources, improper organizational chart for MSW management system, and the lack of rules, guidelines and regulations. In Iran standards and regulations of environmental issues are not perfectly attended, evaluation an open dumping can show existing restrictions and troubles in these areas. So recognition of the municipal solid waste landfill state is required to prevent the increase of environmental problems and decrease the negative environmental impacts. The suitability of Tonekabon existing municipal landfill site in the west area of Mazandaran province, located in north of Iran, and the south coast of the Caspian Sea is the significance of the present study as a case study of land degradation. In order to carry out this evaluation, two guidelines are used. After reviewing all the considered criteria in each of the guidelines, the authenticity of the deposit site of the study area and also the entire city was examined; and eventually the appropriate areas were identified. The conclusion of the results indicated the incoherence in appropriateness of the existing landfill site, with two mentioned methods and field work.

A Comparative Evaluation of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Sites in Northern Iran

“…Some studies have reported the negative impacts of the fire, resulted from waste incineration, on soil quality by affecting the chemical and microbiological properties of the soil (Martínez-Murillo et al, 2016; Pereira et al, 2016) In natural ecosystems, such as existing landfill sites in the studied area, restoration of the degraded soil is achieved by returning the microbiota activity and plant community recovery. Soil development is dependent on the erosion severity, total nitrogen and pH (Yazdani et al, 2015b), since these parameters in soil texture is determined the soil typicality (Pallavicini et al, 2014). Therefore, the attempt of the present study was to understand the quality of existent landfill sites.…”

“…Nitrates are easily transported with water and therefore it pollutes surface and subsurface waters (Novara et al, 2013). Uncontrolled waste incineration resulted from the degradation process is one of the other important issues in the open dumping sites (Yazdani et al, 2015b). In the present studied area, uncontrolled waste incineration is the common process in most of the 10-landfill sites.…”

“…Human beings critically influence their environment, therefore, disorder in any element of a municipal system may cause a deficiency in the entire system (Meshkini et al, 2007). Although, various waste disposal approaches have significantly been developed worldwide, land-filling as yet is the most popularly applied procedure in third world countries (Yazdani et al, 2015b;Sumathi et al, 2008). In Iran, MSW landfilling is expanded day by day because of the rapid urban population growth and the changes in consumption patterns (Davami et al, 2014;Eskandari et al, 2012).…”

Characterizing landfill leachate migration potential of a semi-arid duplex soil

“…Municipal landfills lacking engineered hydraulic barriers or protective soil liners to contain leachate are a cause for concern to widespread pollution of the environment in most developing cities. Waste disposal occurs directly on the soil surface and by-products of decomposed waste are subject to leaching by rainwater accumulating below the landfill and eventually migrating into the soil profile, surface water and shallow groundwater table (Jegede et al., 2011; Shaikh et al., 2012; Donevska et al., 2013; Yazdani et al., 2015).…”

Anaerobic degradation of municipal organic waste among others composting techniques improves N cycling through waste-soil-plant continuum

“…This huge amount of waste is being dumped in open landfills along roadsides, railway lines, in empty plots and streets by municipalities or local waste producer. This practice provides habitat for disease causing vectors (Achudume and Olawale, 2007) and contributes to air, water and soil pollutions (Giusti, 2009;Yazdani et al, 2015).…”