Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Settlement: Postclosure Perspectives

Sharma, H. D.; De, Anirban

doi:10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2007)133:6(619)

Cited by 79 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, the most common approach is to model the historical and observational settlement data collected from the field or from the laboratory. For example, models tailored from Terzaghi's consolidation theory (Sowers 1973;Edil et al 1990;Morris and Woods 1990;Wall and Zeiss 1995;Boutwell and Fiore 1995;Gourc and Olivier 2005;Ouvry andPage 2005, Sharma andDe 2007) or other models (Jesserberger and Kockel 1991;Deutsch et al 1994;Stulgis et al 1995;Ling et al 1998) have been proposed for MSW settlement. The curve-fitting approaches are always used to find the best-fit coefficients for these models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the mechanical compression behavior of municipal solid waste by temperature-controlled compression tests

Chen

Liu

2010

Environ Earth Sci

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Understanding the compression behavior of waste materials is important to the operation and rehabilitation of waste landfill sites. Nevertheless, predicting this behavior is extremely difficult because waste materials are heterogeneous and highly biodegradable. In terms of the mechanism, waste settlement comprises mechanical and biodegradation compressions. This research performs a series of tests to study the mechanical compression behavior of waste materials by using a specifically designed testing device. The device has the ability to keep the temperature low enough to impede the biodegradation of organics, thereby allowing the mechanical compression behavior to be determined. In general, the observed mechanical compression indicates that municipal solid waste (MSW) is very compressible. As the load increases, MSW becomes less compressible because the waste is getting denser. MSW also has a very large creep compression rate, whereby the coefficient of compression of the primary phase is only about 2-8 times that of the creep phase. The magnitude of loading and the elapsed time of loading affect the mechanical compression behavior of MSW. The effects of some parameters on the mechanical behavior are studied herein. MSW with higher dry density had a smaller compressibility. Higher water content also led to a higher compression rate in the primary and creep phases. The waste containing more compressible constituents compressed to a larger extent but with an insignificant increase in the compression rate. The biodegradation of organic constituents did not influence the mechanical compression behavior significantly but increased the rate of creep compression notably. This research also developed a regression relationship between the coefficient of volume compressibility and the dry density of the waste. The prediction of mechanical compression in a field case validated the application of this regression relationship. List of symbolsModified compression index (kPa -1 ) C ap Coefficient of primary compression (dimensionless) C as Coefficient of creep compression (dimensionless) e Void ratio (dimensionless) H Height of compression cell (cm) m v Coefficient of volume compressibility (kPa -1 ) p Pressure (kPa) t Time (min or days) t s Start time of creep compression (min or days) e Compressive strain (%) e p Primary compression strain (%) U Diameter of compression cell (cm) q d Dry density (tons/m 3 ) q f Final total density after test (tons/m 3 ) q i Initial total density before test (tons/m 3 ) x f Final water content after test (%) x i Initial water content before test (%)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the mechanical compression behavior of municipal solid waste by temperature-controlled compression tests

Chen

Liu

2010

Environ Earth Sci

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“…Unfortunately, only a limited number of field and theoretical investigations have been presented on this subject, although considerable work has been reported on long-term settlements (Chen et al, 2010a;Kumar, 2000;Oweis, 2006;Park and Lee, 2002;Sharma and De, 2007). Unfortunately, only a limited number of field and theoretical investigations have been presented on this subject, although considerable work has been reported on long-term settlements (Chen et al, 2010a;Kumar, 2000;Oweis, 2006;Park and Lee, 2002;Sharma and De, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of operational practices on municipal solid waste landfill storage capacity

Liu

Cleall

et al. 2013

Waste Manag Res

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The quantitative effects of three operational factors, that is initial compaction, decomposition condition and leachate level, on municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill settlement and storage capacity are investigated in this article via consideration of a hypothetical case. The implemented model for calculating landfill compression displacement is able to consider decreases in compressibility induced by biological decomposition and load dependence of decomposition compression for the MSW. According to the investigation, a significant increase in storage capacity can be achieved by intensive initial compaction, adjustment of decomposition condition and lowering of leachate levels. The quantitative investigation presented aims to encourage landfill operators to improve management to enhance storage capacity. Furthermore, improving initial compaction and creating a preferential decomposition condition can also significantly reduce operational and post-closure settlements, respectively, which helps protect leachate and gas management infrastructure and monitoring equipment in modern landfills.

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“…The settlement of MSW due to biochemical degradation begins approximately 1-3 years after placement of waste, can continue for many years (e.g. 10-50 years) following closure of a landfill, and can have a detrimental effect on the integrity of final cover systems (Sharma and De 2007;Ivanova et al 2008). …”

Section: Biochemical Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several parameters were used to characterize the biochemical compression of MSW in numerous proposed models in literature and include: the strain-based biochemical compression ratio ( ′ ) (Bjarngard and Edgers 1990;Lamothe and Edgers 1994;Wall and Zeiss 1995;Hossain et al 2003;Benson et al 2007;Olivier and Gourc 2007;Sharma and De 2007;Ivanova et al 2008;Bareither 2010;Bareither et al 2010;Bareither et al 2012b), biochemical strain potential (E DG ) (Park and Lee 1997;Marques et al 2003), rate constant for biological decomposition (d) (Park and Lee 1997;Marques et al 2003;Liu et al 2006;Oweis 2006;Hettiarachchi et al 2009;Bareither et al 2013), and the gas generation rate constant ( ) (Durmusoglu et al 2005;Machado et al 2008;Gourc et al 2010).…”

Section: Biochemical Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…′ is the most widely-used and reported parameter in literature in comparison to the other biochemical compression parameters (Bjarngard and Edgers 1990;Lamothe and Edgers 1994;Wall and Zeiss 1995;Hossain et al 2003;Benson et al 2007;Olivier and Gourc 2007;Sharma and De 2007;Ivanova et al 2008;Bareither 2010;Bareither et al 2010;Bareither et al 2012b). …”

Section: Biochemical Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Waste Placement Practices on the Engineering Response of Municipal Solid Waste

Cox¹

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Effects of Waste Placement Practices on the Engineering Response of MunicipalSolid Waste Jason T. Cox An extensive laboratory and field investigation was conducted at Santa Maria Regional Landfill (SMRL) in Santa Maria, California to determine the effects of waste placement practices on the engineering response of municipal solid waste (MSW). Laboratory and field testing was used to determine the engineering properties and monitor field response of MSW.The specific gravity (G s ) of manufactured MSW (MMSW), fresh MSW (FMSW), and old MSW (OMSW) was determined experimentally using a modified version of standard soil testing procedures. Effects of particle size, compactive effort, and degradation on the specific gravity of waste were evaluated. Specific gravity of manufactured waste samples increased with decreasing particle size, with compaction, and with increased degradation. The average specific gravity of uncompacted MMSW samples was 1.333, 1.374, and 1.424 for coarse, medium, and fine particle sizes, respectively. Specific gravity of coarse, medium, and fine MMSW samples compacted at dry of optimum ( = 30%) was determined to be 1.497, 1.521, and 1.552, respectively and at wet of optimum ( = 90%) to be 1.500, 1.542, and 1.570, respectively. The compacted and uncompacted specific gravity of fresh MSW was lower than manufactured and old MSW. The average G s of uncompacted and compacted fresh MSW was 1.072 and 1.208, respectively whereas old MSW had G s of 2.201.v Additional physical and engineering properties of MSW were determined for fresh and old wastes. A total of 8 magnetic extensometer settlement arrays and 4 thermocouple arrays were installed in old wastes. The settlement and temperature data were collected for an approximate duration of 1 year. In addition, laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the particle size distribution, organic content, and moisture content of fresh waste sampled from the active face of the landfill and from old waste sampled from different depths.The particle size distribution of OMSW was comparable to a well-graded coarsegrained soil. The average baseline moisture content of incoming MSW at SMRL was 42.7% (dry-weight basis). The average moisture content of residential MSW, commercial MSW, and self-delivered MSW were determined to be 57.7, 46.3, and 12.0%, respectively. The organic content of fresh and old MSW was determined to be 77.2 and 23.5%, respectively. Temperature increased over time due to heat generation of the waste mass. The temperature increased on average 3 to 6°C between the initial and final day of measurements for wastes that were 0.3 to 9 years old.Fresh and old wastes at SMRL exhibited unique compression behavior. A majority of the waste was undergoing secondary compression characterized using a secondary compression ratio ( ′ ) ranging from 0.013 to 0.067 with an average of 0.030. In addition, the fresh and old wastes exhibited recompression behavior. Fresh waste lifts were determined to be slightly overconsolidated such that the self-weig...

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Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Settlement: Postclosure Perspectives

Cited by 79 publications

References 15 publications

Study of the mechanical compression behavior of municipal solid waste by temperature-controlled compression tests

Study of the mechanical compression behavior of municipal solid waste by temperature-controlled compression tests

Influences of operational practices on municipal solid waste landfill storage capacity

Effects of Waste Placement Practices on the Engineering Response of Municipal Solid Waste

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