Municipal sludge leachate-induced genotoxicity in mice—a subacute study

Tewari, A.; Chauhan, Lalit Kumar Singh; Kumar, Dinesh; Gupta, S.K.

doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.07.007

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Another reason is that the leachates sample may have induced apoptosis being highly toxic to the spermatozoon disrupting the normal differentiating process during spermatogenesis due to presence of heavy metals observed in Table 1. Thus, genotoxicity of municipal leachate samples has been extensively studied and there are plenty of overwhelming evidences from these previous studies to support the suggestion that municipal leachate samples is potentially genotoxic (Alimba et al, 2006;Bakare and Adeyemo, 2004;Bakare et al 2005;Bakare et al 2007;Sang and Li 2004;Sang and Li 2005;Siddique et al 2005;Tewari et al 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genotoxicity and histopathological assessment of raw and simulated leachates exposed to mice

Iyiola¹,

Adeyemi-Ale²,

Anifowoshe³

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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Indiscriminate solid waste disposal to the environment without proper treatment poses a serious threat to the public health. This study was carried out to investigate genotoxicity of the raw and simulated leachates samples collected from Amilegbe municipal dump site located in Ilorin metropolis in Nigeria. Some of the physicochemical properties of both raw and simulated leachate samples were determined. Mice were exposed to 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 10% and 25% (raw leachate) and 1%, 5% and 10% concentrations (simulated leachate) respectively for 35 days. Distilled water and colchicine were used for negative and positive control respectively. Two standard genotoxicity tests namely abnormal sperm-head morphology and micronucleus (MN) assays were used to assess possible genotoxicity of the raw and simulated leachates samples. Sperm head morphology assay showed some abnormalities (folded, amorphous, banana shaped, two tails, pin tail among others) and the frequencies of the abnormalities increases was concentrationdependent. Congestion, necrosis, degeneration and appearance of vacuolation were observed in the histopathological analysis of the liver. The histopathological changes were also more pronounced with higher concentrations of raw and simulated leachates. MN and abnormal nuclei frequencies also showed statistically significant differences (p>0.05) such that MN and other nuclear abnormalities reached the maximum at the highest concentration (25% >10% >5% >2.5%>1%). This study shows that the raw and simulated leachates contain potentially genotoxic and cytotoxic substances capable of causing DNA damage. ©JASEM https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v21i5.11

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genotoxicity and histopathological assessment of raw and simulated leachates exposed to mice

Iyiola¹,

Adeyemi-Ale²,

Anifowoshe³

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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“…A dose-dependent increase in DNA damage also was observed in the gut cells of Drosophila melanogaster [Siddique et al, 2005] and a leachate prepared from municipal sludge dose-dependently inhibited the MI and increased the frequency of chromosome aberrations in the bone marrow of mice [Tewari et al, 2005]; in addition, increased frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes and DNA damage were observed in mouse bone marrow cells Tewari et al, 2005].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

DNA damage induced in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by industrial solid waste and municipal sludge leachates

Bakare

Pandey

Bajpayee

et al. 2006

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Exposure of humans to toxic compounds occurs mostly in the form of complex mixtures. Leachates, consisting of mixtures of many chemicals, are a potential risk to human health. In the present study, leachates of solid wastes from a polyfiber factory (PFL), an aeronautical plant (AEL), and a municipal sludge leachate (MSL) were assessed for their ability to induce DNA damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes using the alkaline Comet assay. The leachates also were examined for their physical and chemical properties. Lymphocytes were incubated with 0.5-15.0% concentrations (pH range 7.1-7.4) of the test leachates for 3 hr at 37 degrees C, and treatment with 1 mM ethyl methanesulfonate served as a positive control. All three leachates induced significant (P < 0.05), concentration-dependent increases in DNA damage compared with the negative control, as measured by increases in Olive tail moment (arbitrary units), tail DNA (%), and tail length (mum). A comparison of these variables among the treatment groups indicated that the MSL induced the most DNA damage. Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry analysis of the leachates indicated that they contained high concentrations of heavy metals, viz. iron, manganese, nickel, zinc, cadmium, chromium, and lead. The individual, synergistic, or antagonistic effects of these chemicals in the leachates may be responsible for the DNA damage. Our data indicate that the ever-increasing amounts of leachates from waste landfill sites have the potential to induce DNA damage and suggest that the exposure of human populations to these leachates may lead to adverse health effects.

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“…Effort made to carefully observe the behavior of fishes during the 96hr study. Behavioral functions are generally quite vulnerable to contaminate exposure and fish often exhibit these responses first and when exposed to pollutants [20]. Behavioral changes such as erratic swimming, uncoordinated movement, darting up and down of fish was observed during this 96hr LC 50 study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Therefore, the cause of toxicity of leachate assayed in this study could be due to one or component or a combination of known and unknown constitutes. Apart from toxic elements microorganism that are potential cause of wide range of infectious was identified in Akomo raw leachate (ARL) for example, the exotoxin produced by the microorganism like Clostridium botulinum is lethal to fish and has been the cause of many human death [20]. Entry into ground or surface water bodies, of these microorganisms therefore becomes a potential threat or problem to the environment and public health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Assessment Using Clarias gariepinus and Microbial Characterization of Leachate from Akomo Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, Igbemo - Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

Kosemani¹,

Edward²

2017

JEPHH

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This study aimed at investigating the toxic effect of raw leachates on freshwater and organisms inhabiting it, most especially fish. Samples of leachates and some associated microorganisms were obtained from Akomo landfill, Igbemo Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Physico-chemical analysis showed that the leachate contained toxic elements in high concentration including some heavy metals namely Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. The 96hrsLC50 (95% confidence interval) on Clarias gariepinus was 21.5% (14.82 -31.2), haematocrit percent, erythrocyte number, haemoglobin concentration, leukocyte number was found to increase with increase in leukocyte concentration. Potential pathogen and toxin-producing microorganisms identified include Pseudomonas florescences, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Penicillium oxidicum. These observations are of prime health concern because there is no containment or treatment system for the leachate generated from the study site. This finding would therefore be of importance in assessment from landfill discharge into the aquatic environment in Ekiti State.

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Municipal sludge leachate-induced genotoxicity in mice—a subacute study

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Genotoxicity and histopathological assessment of raw and simulated leachates exposed to mice

Genotoxicity and histopathological assessment of raw and simulated leachates exposed to mice

DNA damage induced in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by industrial solid waste and municipal sludge leachates

Toxicity Assessment Using <i>C</i><i>larias</i><i> g</i><i>ariepinus</i> and Microbial Characterization of Leachate from Akomo Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, Igbemo - Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

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