Multiwavelength Search for the Origin of IceCube's Neutrinos

Kun, Emma; Bartos, I.; Tjus, J. Becker; Biermann, Peter L.; Franckowiak, A.; Halzen, F.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac7f3a

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Statistically significant directional associations between the ensembles of high-energy neutrino events and populations of VLBI-selected blazars have indeed been found [11,12]. Other neutrino-blazar associations [13][14][15] are also dominated by VLBI-bright compact sources. Newer alert events, published after the original ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Neutrino production in blazar radio cores

Kalashev,

Kivokurtseva,

Troitsky

2023

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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Models of the origin of astrophysical neutrinos with energies from TeVs to PeVs are strongly constrained by multimessenger observations and population studies. Recent results point to statistically significant associations between these neutrinos and active galactic nuclei (AGN) selected by their radio flux observed with very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI). This suggests that the neutrinos are produced in central parsecs of blazars, AGN with relativistic jets pointing to the observer. However, conventional AGN models tend to explain only the highest-energy part of the neutrino flux observationally associated with blazars. Here we discuss in detail how the neutrinos can be produced in the part of an AGN giving the dominant contribution to the VLBI radio flux, the radio core located close to the jet base. Physical conditions there differ both from the immediate environment of the central black hole and from the plasma blobs moving along the jet. Required neutrino fluxes, considerably smaller than those of photons, can be produced in interactions of relativistic protons, accelerated closer to the black hole, with radiation in the core.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Neutrino production in blazar radio cores

Kalashev,

Kivokurtseva,

Troitsky

2023

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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“…However, their origins are still not fully determined. Observational evidence exists for a wide range of neutrino sources, including individual active galaxies (Aartsen et al 2018a(Aartsen et al , 2018bAbbasi et al 2022a), large samples of blazars (Giommi et al 2020;Plavin et al 2020Plavin et al , 2021Plavin et al , 2023Buson et al 2022Buson et al , 2023Kun et al 2022;Abbasi et al 2023a), and the Milky Way (Albert et al 2017a(Albert et al , 2018a(Albert et al , 2023Neronov & Semikoz 2016;Aartsen et al 2019;Kovalev et al 2022;Abbasi et al 2023b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searches for Neutrinos in the Direction of Radio-bright Blazars with the ANTARES Telescope

Albert,

Alves,

André

et al. 2024

ApJ

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Active galaxies, especially blazars, are among the most promising extragalactic candidates for high-energy neutrino sources. To date, ANTARES searches included these objects and used GeV–TeV γ-ray flux to select blazars. Here, a statistically complete blazar sample selected by their bright radio emission is used as the target for searches of origins of neutrinos collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope over 13 yr of operation. The hypothesis of a neutrino–blazar directional correlation is tested by pair counting and a complementary likelihood-based approach. The resulting posttrial p-value is 3.0% (2.2σ in the two-sided convention). Additionally, a time-dependent analysis is performed to search for temporal clustering of neutrino candidates as a means of detecting neutrino flares in blazars. None of the investigated sources alone reaches a significant flare detection level. However, the presence of 18 sources with a pretrial significance above 3σ indicates a p = 1.4% (2.5σ in the two-sided convention) detection of a time-variable neutrino flux. An a posteriori investigation reveals an intriguing temporal coincidence of neutrino, radio, and γ-ray flares of the J0242+1101 blazar at a p = 0.5% (2.9σ in the two-sided convention) level. Altogether, the results presented here suggest a possible connection of neutrino candidates detected by the ANTARES telescope with radio-bright blazars.

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“…In 2017, the GW signal of two colliding neutron stars, as well as a short γray burst signal have been also detected (Abbott et al 2017a(Abbott et al , 2017b. Patterns of high-energy particle sources are thoroughly discussed in the literature (Aartsen et al 2020;Franckowiak et al 2020;Kun et al 2022a;Novikova et al 2023); however, there are only two direct neutrino-source associations to date (IceCube Collaboration et al 2018, 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follow-up on the Supermassive Black Hole Binary Candidate J1048+7143: Successful Prediction of the Next Gamma-Ray Flare and Refined Binary Parameters in the Framework of the Jet Precession Model

Kun,

Jaroschewski,

Tjus

et al. 2024

ApJL

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Analyzing single-dish and very long baseline interferometry radio, as well as Fermi Large Area Telescope γ-ray observations, we explained the three major flares in the γ-ray light curve of FSRQ J1048+7143 with the spin–orbit precession of the dominant mass black hole in a supermassive black hole binary system. Here, we report on the detection of a fourth γ-ray flare from J1048+7143, appearing in the time interval that was predicted in our previous work. Including this new flare, we constrained the mass ratio into a narrow range of 0.062 < q < 0.088, and consequently we were able to further constrain the parameters of the hypothetical supermassive binary black hole at the heart of J1048+7143. We predict the occurrence of the fifth major γ-ray flare that would appear only if the jet will still lay close to our line of sight. The fourth major γ-ray flare also shows the two-subflare structure, further strengthening our scenario in which the occurrence of the subflares is the signature of the precession of a spine–sheath jet structure that quasiperiodically interacts with a proton target, e.g., clouds in the broad-line region.

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Multiwavelength Search for the Origin of IceCube's Neutrinos

Cited by 13 publications

References 83 publications

Neutrino production in blazar radio cores

Neutrino production in blazar radio cores

Searches for Neutrinos in the Direction of Radio-bright Blazars with the ANTARES Telescope

Follow-up on the Supermassive Black Hole Binary Candidate J1048+7143: Successful Prediction of the Next Gamma-Ray Flare and Refined Binary Parameters in the Framework of the Jet Precession Model

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