Multiwavelength Linear-Cavity SOA-Based Laser Array Design for Multiparameter and Long-Haul Sensing

Liaw, Shien‐Kuei; Lee, Yin-Wen; Huang, Hsin-Wen; Wu, Wen‐Fang

doi:10.1109/jsen.2015.2390674

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the FBG sensor system, the maximum signal transmission distance is commonly limited to 25 km due to signal loss in fiber link and Rayleigh scattering. Signal loss and Rayleigh scattering induces optical noise and degrade the transmitted signal quality [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Therefore, we use a Raman amplifier to increase the transmission distance (long-distance sensing) and to compensate for the signal losses in long-distance transmission.…”

Section: Experimental and Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensity and Wavelength Division Multiplexing FBG Sensor System Using a Raman Amplifier and Extreme Learning Machine

et al. 2018

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A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor is a favorable sensor in measuring strain, pressure, vibration, and temperature in different applications, such as in smart structures, wind turbines, aerospace, industry, military, medical centers, and civil engineering. FBG sensors have the following advantages: immune to electromagnetic interference, light weight, small size, flexible, stretchable, highly accurate, longer stability, and capable in measuring ultra-high-speed events. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an intensity and wavelength division multiplexing (IWDM) FBG sensor system using a Raman amplifier and extreme learning machine (ELM). We use an IWDM technique to increase the number of FBG sensors. As the number of FBG sensors increases and the spectra of two or more FBGs are overlapped, a conventional peak detection (CPD) method is unappropriate to detect the central Bragg wavelength of each FBG sensor. To solve this problem, we use ELM techniques. An ELM is used to accurately detect the central Bragg wavelength of each FBG sensor even when the spectra of FBGs are partially or fully overlapped. Moreover, a Raman amplifier is added to a fiber span to generate a gain medium within the transmission fiber, which amplifies the signal and compensates for the signal losses. The transmission distance and the sensing signal quality increase when the Raman pump power increases. The experimental results revealed that a Raman amplifier compensates for the signal losses and provides a stable sensing output even beyond a 45 km transmission distance. We achieve a remote sensing of strain measurement using a 45 km single-mode fiber (SMF). Furthermore, the well-trained ELM wavelength detection methods accurately detect the central Bragg wavelengths of FBG sensors when the two FBG spectra are fully overlapped.

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Section: Experimental and Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In FBG sensor systems, the maximum signal transmission distance is commonly limited to 25 km due to signal loss in fiber link and Rayleigh scattering [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Moreover, signal loss and Rayleigh scattering induce optical noise and degrade the transmitted signal quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensity and Wavelength Division Multiplexing FBG Sensor System Using a Raman Amplifier and Extreme Learning Machine

et al. 2018

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“…In recent times, erbium-doped finer (EDF) based gain medium in the fiber laser systems have attracted more interests due to their valuable applications in the optical communication, wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) traffic, micro-wave photonic, fiber sensing, high resolution spectroscopy and instrument testing [1][2][3][4][5]. Furthermore, the homogeneous broadening gain medium of EDF and longer fiber loop in the fiber laser would bring the unstable multi-longitudinal-mode (MLM) and mode-hopping output [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Erbium Fiber Laser With Single-Frequency Oscillation and Wavelength-Upconverted Output

et al. 2020

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In this paper, we present experimentally an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser system to accomplish the single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) and wavelength-upconverted output by using nonlinear effect. To accomplish the SLM output, a short length of unpumped EDF saturable absorber (SA) is applied inside the EDF laser cavity for filtering densely multi-mode noise. In accordance with the designed EDF laser system, the lasing wavelength can be upconverted to a longer wavelength position. In addition, the output characteristics of output power, optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR), tunability, stability and linewidth in the EDF laser are also discussed.

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“…Therefore, broadband operating range of FBG sensor system is very important for sensing. In addition, several multipoint sensor systems have been demonstrated and analyzed [10][11][12][13]. However, they would be limited by the restricted operation bandwidth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity and capability enhancements of FBG sensor system by utilizing intensity and WDM detection technique

Yeh

Zhuang

Tsai

et al. 2017

Smart Mater. Struct.

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In this paper, we demonstrate a multipoint fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensor system by using intensity and wavelength-division-multiplexing (I-WDM) technique to enhance the sensing capacity and capability. In the proposed multipoint sensor system, a three output port optical splitter with different output ratios of 50%, 35% and 15% is proposed to connect each intensity coding FBG sensor for strain and temperature sensing simultaneously. Different output ratios of connected ports can produce different intensity-coding for I-WDM application. Nine FBGs with different Bragg wavelengths are employed for demonstration. The proposed FBG sensor system not only can sense the strain and temperature simultaneously, but also can increase the capacity and capability.

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Multiwavelength Linear-Cavity SOA-Based Laser Array Design for Multiparameter and Long-Haul Sensing

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Intensity and Wavelength Division Multiplexing FBG Sensor System Using a Raman Amplifier and Extreme Learning Machine

Intensity and Wavelength Division Multiplexing FBG Sensor System Using a Raman Amplifier and Extreme Learning Machine

An Erbium Fiber Laser With Single-Frequency Oscillation and Wavelength-Upconverted Output

Capacity and capability enhancements of FBG sensor system by utilizing intensity and WDM detection technique

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