Multivariate pattern analysis of event-related potentials predicts the subjective relevance of everyday objects

Turner, William; Johnston, Phillip R.; Boer, Kathleen de; Morawetz, Carmen; Bode, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2017.07.006

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“… 26 , 30 ), and there is further evidence that the brain automatically extracts specific image features related to decision-making even when presented as an incidental, task-irrelevant background image (e.g. 31 , 32 ). If, as suggested before 30 , obese individuals are indeed more susceptible to such primes and generalisation effects, this would point to an even greater vulnerability to undesirable decision biases, but potentially also shed light on general distorted cognitive processes in obese individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dorsolateral and medial prefrontal cortex mediate the influence of incidental priming on economic decision making in obesity

Morys

Bode

Horstmann

2018

Sci Rep

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Obese individuals discount future rewards to a higher degree than lean individuals, which is generally considered disadvantageous. Moreover, their decisions are altered more easily by decision-irrelevant cues. Here, we investigated neural correlates of this phenomenon using functional MRI. We tested 30 lean and 26 obese human subjects on a primed delay discounting paradigm using gustatory and visual cues of positive, neutral and negative valence to bias their intertemporal preferences. We hypothesised that activation differences in reward-related and behavioural control areas, and changes in connectivity between these areas, would reflect the effect of these cues. Here, obese subjects were more susceptible to priming with negative gustatory cues towards delayed choices as opposed to lean subjects. This was related to lower activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during priming. Modulation of functional connectivity between the dlPFC and the ventromedial PFC by the behavioural priming effect correlated negatively with BMI. This might indicate that default goals of obese individuals were different from those of lean participants, as the dlPFC has been suggested to be involved in internal goal pursuit. The present results further our understanding of the role of the PFC in decision-making and might inform future weight-management approaches based on non-invasive brain stimulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dorsolateral and medial prefrontal cortex mediate the influence of incidental priming on economic decision making in obesity

Morys

Bode

Horstmann

2018

Sci Rep

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“…MVPA is highly sensitive to information represented in the overall signal as it uses the entire spati + o-temporal pattern of ERPs across all channels as input 38 , 44 , 45 , thereby allowing for the extraction of features from the EEG that are not dependent on the identification of ERP components. We used MVPA to examine whether neural representations could predict whether a given survey item expressed populist or non-populist views for each political issue dimension.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early EEG responses to pre-electoral survey items reflect political attitudes and predict voting behavior

Galli

Angelucci

Bode

et al. 2021

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Self-reports are conventionally used to measure political preferences, yet individuals may be unable or unwilling to report their political attitudes. Here, in 69 participants we compared implicit and explicit methods of political attitude assessment and focused our investigation on populist attitudes. Ahead of the 2019 European Parliament election, we recorded electroencephalography (EEG) from future voters while they completed a survey that measured levels of agreement on different political issues. An Implicit Association Test (IAT) was administered at the end of the recording session. Neural signals differed as a function of future vote for a populist or mainstream party and of whether survey items expressed populist or non-populist views. The combination of EEG responses and self-reported preferences predicted electoral choice better than traditional socio-demographic and ideological variables, while IAT scores were not a significant predictor. These findings suggest that measurements of brain activity can refine the assessment of socio-political attitudes, even when those attitudes are not based on traditional ideological divides.

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“…To estimate an empirical chance distribution of results, the procedure was repeated using the same data in an identical fashion, but with success scores (labels) randomly shuffled across trials (cf. Chan, Pianta, Bode, & McKendrick, 2017;Siswandari, Bode, & Stahl, 2019;Turner, Johnston, de Boer, Morawetz, & Bode, 2017). For group-level statistical analyses, the empirical results were tested against the shuffled-label/chance results for each analysis time window.…”

Section: Multivariate Pattern Analyses Of Eeg Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural patterns during anticipation predict emotion regulation success for reappraisal

Schubert

Agathos

Brydevall

et al. 2020

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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The ability to exert control over emotions, termed emotion regulation (ER), is vital for everyday functioning. ER success may be influenced by processes relating to the anticipation (prior to active regulation) and implementation (during active regulation) of ER strategy use. We investigated whether brain activity patterns recorded using electroencephalography (EEG) during the first second of anticipation and implementation of two ER strategies-distraction and reappraisal-were related to regulation success. Participants viewed negative images that evoked disgust and sadness. Before each image was presented, participants were cued to either passively view the image or decrease their emotional responses. ER success scores were calculated from subsequent selfreported disgust and sadness ratings. Using multivariate support vector regression, ER success scores were predicted from spatiotemporal patterns of event-related potentials during the first second of anticipation and implementation phases of each ER strategy. For both sadness and disgust, reappraisal success could be predicted during anticipation, while distraction success could be predicted during implementation. These findings suggest that early anticipatory cognitive processes are a key determinant of reappraisal success, but may not be similarly important for distraction. This may be because reappraisal is more cognitively demanding than distraction, requiring enhanced preparation of mental resources.

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Multivariate pattern analysis of event-related potentials predicts the subjective relevance of everyday objects

Cited by 22 publications

References 66 publications

Dorsolateral and medial prefrontal cortex mediate the influence of incidental priming on economic decision making in obesity

Dorsolateral and medial prefrontal cortex mediate the influence of incidental priming on economic decision making in obesity

Early EEG responses to pre-electoral survey items reflect political attitudes and predict voting behavior

Neural patterns during anticipation predict emotion regulation success for reappraisal

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