Multivariate Optimization of Chromatographic Conditions for Rapid Simultaneous Quantification of Antidiarrheal Drugs in Formulation Using Surface Response Methodology

Abstract

A combination of antibiotics and antiprotozoal and antisecretory medicines has been prescribed for the treatment of diarrhea. A rapid, reproducible liquid chromatographic procedure was established for the concurrent analysis of metronidazole (MET), ofloxacin (OFL), and racecadotril (RAC) in suspension. The Box–Behnken design, a full factorial multivariate optimization technique, was utilized to optimize chromatographic parameters with fewer runs. The separation of MET, OFL, and RAC was accomplished within 3.2 min, using a Zorbax C18 high-performance liquid chromatography column with a simple mobile phase comprising acetonitrile (55 vol.%): methanol (10 vol.%):20 mM phosphate buffer (35 vol.%, pH 6, regulated with ortho-phosphoric acid). The mobile phase was pumped in the isocratic mode at a rate of 1.4 mL/min at ambient temperature. Analytes were monitored by adjusting the wavelength at 295 nm for MET and OFL and 231 nm for RAC. Validation of the proposed HPLC method exhibited linearity in the concentration of 20–250 µg/mL, 10–150 µg/mL, and 5–80 µg/mL for MET, OFL, and RAC respectively, along with an excellent regression coefficient (r2 > 0.999). The accuracy and precision of the chromatographic procedure were also evidenced by the low percent relative error and relative standard deviation. A Pareto chart developed by the two-factor interaction (2FI) study confirmed that the method was robust, as the slight variation in a single factor had no significant influence on the assay outcomes. Lastly, the developed HPLC process was utilized for the concurrent quantification of MET, OFL, and RAC in liquid oral preparation. Furthermore, when the assay results were compared to the described techniques, it was discovered that there was no significant difference in the accuracy and precision of the results. Hence, the developed rapid HPLC method could be employed for the quality control study of a preparation comprising of MET, OFL, and RAC in industries and regulatory authority laboratories.

Design of Experimental Approach for Development of Rapid High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Process for Simultaneous Estimation of Metoprolol, Telmisartan, and Amlodipine from Formulation: Greenness and Whiteness Evaluation

“…Hence, to develop a robust HPLC method, it is important to study the interaction of all independent variable parameters responsible for final analysis. The full factorial design utilizes a multivariate approach and provides the combined effect of all variable parameters [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. In addition, multivariate analysis allows conclusions to be formed across numerous outcomes and can produce estimates for individual outcomes that are more accurate and less biased.…”

TLC–Densitometric Analysis of Selected 5-Nitroimidazoles

“…Metronidazole Secnidazole The study of the stability of metronidazole, secnidazole, ornidazole, and tinidazole has been the subject of numerous scientific papers . Various analytical techniques were used to analyze the stability of 5-nitroimidazoles: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) [33,34], liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) [25], liquid chromatography with tandem photo diode array detection and mass spectrometry (LC-PDA-MS) [35], UV- The study of the stability of metronidazole, secnidazole, ornidazole, and tinidazole has been the subject of numerous scientific papers . Various analytical techniques were used to analyze the stability of 5-nitroimidazoles: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)…”