Multivariate morphometric analysis of <i>Apis cerana</i> 
of southern mainland Asia

Radloff, Sarah E.; Hepburn, H. R.; Hepburn, Colleen; Fuchs, Stefan; Otis, Gard W.; Sein, M.M.; Aung, H.L.; Pham, Hong Thai; Tam, Daniel; Nuru, A; Tan, Ken

doi:10.1051/apido:2004077

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Rising sea levels caused by the current phase of global warming created thousands of islands, some large, some small, and in doing so the once contiguous populations of honey bees were separated into isolated populations (Smith et al, 2000;Smith, 2002;Oldroyd and Wongsiri, 2006). This isolation has contributed to the rich diversity of honey bee ecotypes we see today, particularly in A. cerana and its related species (Hepburn et al, 2001;Radloff et al, 2005).…”

Section: Anthropogenic Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation of Asian honey bees

Oldroyd

Nanork

2009

Apidologie

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-East Asia is home to at least 9 indigenous species of honey bee. These bees are extremely valuable because they are key pollinators of about 1/3 of crop species, provide significant income to some of the world's poorest people, and are prey items for some endemic vertebrates. Furthermore, Southeast Asian Dipterocarp forests appear to be adapted to pollination by honey bees. Thus long-term decline in honey bee populations may lead to significant changes in the pollinator ecology of these forests, exacerbating the more direct effects of deforestation and wood harvesting on forest health. Although complete extinction of any honey bee species is seen as unlikely, local extinction is likely to occur across extensive areas. The most significant threats to local honey bee populations are deforestation and excessive hunting pressure. Conservation of East Asian honey bees requires immediate action to determine what rate of colony harvesting by honey hunters is sustainable. This requires information on the demography of hunted populations, particularly the intrinsic growth rates and the rates of harvest.Apis / Conservation / Honey hunting / demography / sustainable harvest / pollination / dipterocarp forests

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Section: Anthropogenic Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation of Asian honey bees

Oldroyd

Nanork

2009

Apidologie

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“…The worker honeybees used for the analyses of oceanic A. cerana derive from: (1) the raw database of the Institut für Bienenkunde at Oberursel, (Oberursel); (2) new data from bees collected from Hainan (China), (Kunming); (3) new data from bees collected in Indonesia, N. Borneo (Malaysia), Papua New Guinea, Philippines and Sri Lanka (Grahamstown); (4) raw data from Hadisoesilo, (Hadisoesilo); (5) raw data from Rinderer et al (1989), Sulistianto (1990) and Tilde et al (2000); (6) processed data from Akahira and Sakagami (1959a, b) and Szabo (1990); (7) additional information based on statistically processed data from Damus and Otis (1997);(8) for comparisons between oceanic and mainland A. cerana, the raw data used for the latter is cited in Radloff et al (2005b). Collectively, about 5310 honeybees collected from 346 colonies at 123 localities were measured morphometrically and statistically analyzed (Tab.…”

Section: Honeybeesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate morphometric analysis of the Apis cerana populations of oceanic Asia

et al. 2005

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-Morphometric analyses of Apis cerana workers from 123 localities in oceanic Asia were made on the whole oceanic group, within specific island systems, and specific mainland-oceanic island "interfaces". Principal component analysis of the total oceanic database yielded two distinct morphoclusters: (1) the bees of Japan and morphocluster and (2) the bees of all the other islands. Discriminant and hierarchical cluster analyses showed overlapping regional clusters in the latter: 2.1 the bees of the Philippines (except Palawan) and some Indonesia, 2.2 bees of Palawan, Malaysian Borneo, Kalimantan, Sumatera and some Sulawesi (Indonesia), and 2.3 most of Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Hainan (China) and Sri Lanka. Significant differences between the means of the four groups were demonstrated using Wilks' lambda statistic. The Mahalanobis distances among the honeybee samples are consistent with cyclical, geological rises and falls of sea level between present and Pleistocene land areas. Apis cerana / morphometrics / biogeography / islands

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“…Locality numbers in Burma correspond to those in It is instructive to compare the results of this study with another employing the same samples from Burma. Radloff et al (2005) investigated morphometric variation among populations of A. cerana from southern mainland Asia. They identified 3 morphoclusters (1, 2, and 3), and subgroups (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b) within morphoclusters.…”

Section: Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Burma, all samples belonged to the Mainland Asian population, with the exception of Sundaland A. cerana found in Thakton and Thantaung. Radloff et al (2005) note that the geographic distribution of morphoclusters may correspond to variation in climate and habitat. This underscores the point that morphometric data may reflect current adaptation to local environment, while changes in mtDNA, particularly in the non-coding mitochondrial sequences, are a record of the historical, phylogenetic relationships underlying the modern distributions and adaptations.…”

Section: Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%