Multivariate Associations Among Behavioral, Clinical, and Multimodal Imaging Phenotypes in Patients With Psychosis

Abstract

Multivariate analyses provide a more accurate characterization of the association between brain alterations and psychosis because they enable the modeling of other key factors that influence neuroimaging phenotypes.

Gray matter bases of psychotic features in adult bipolar disorder: A systematic review and voxel‐based meta‐analysis of neuroimaging studies

“…Recent studies were consistent in recognizing P-BD as a subset with specific biological abnormalities in terms of genetic, immunological, endocrine, neurophysiological, brain imaging, and neuropsychological alterations, compared with both NP-BD and schizophrenia (Buoli et al, 2016;Moser et al, 2018;Palaniyappan et al, 2018). A growing body of literature has indicated that biological markers are most likely associated with the psychotic dimension in BD.…”

“…A growing body of literature has indicated that biological markers are most likely associated with the psychotic dimension in BD. Recent studies were consistent in recognizing P-BD as a subset with specific biological abnormalities in terms of genetic, immunological, endocrine, neurophysiological, brain imaging, and neuropsychological alterations, compared with both NP-BD and schizophrenia (Buoli et al, 2016;Moser et al, 2018;Palaniyappan et al, 2018). In regard to neuroimaging, the nonconsideration of this factor may contribute to the heterogeneous findings across studies of BD (Ellison-Wright & Bullmore, 2010).…”

“…2.3.2 | Voxel-based meta-analysis of regional GMV Using the latest version of AES-SDM (http://www.sdmproject.com/), version 5.141 (Moser et al, 2018), we analyzed GMV alterations in P-BD patients compared with HC using a whole-brain VBM imaging approach. The latest version includes some new features, such as possibility to combine repeated measures (e.g., from several contrasts of the same sample) and easy automatic creation of funnel plots and Egger tests (http://www.sdmproject.com/).…”

“…The latest version includes some new features, such as possibility to combine repeated measures (e.g., from several contrasts of the same sample) and easy automatic creation of funnel plots and Egger tests (http://www.sdmproject.com/). This method has been thoroughly described elsewhere (Moser et al, 2018;Palaniyappan et al, 2018) and is briefly summarized here. First, the reported peak coordinates and effect sizes (derived, e.g., from t values) of the GMV differences were used to recreate a map of the effect size of the GMV differences between individuals with P-BD and HC for each study.…”

“…Currently, a relatively new quantitative coordinate-based metaanalytic approach, that is, the anisotropic effect size version of seedbased d mapping (AES-SDM), allows the results of individual studies to be weighted and controlled for several moderating variables, including demographic, clinical, and imaging factors and medication effects at the time of scanning (Moser et al, 2018). AES-SDM has been successfully applied to neuropsychiatric populations (Hall et al, 2015;Kimmel et al, 2016;Norman et al, 2016), and has been described in detail elsewhere (Hatton et al, 2012;Palaniyappan et al, 2018).…”