Multivariate Analysis To Discriminate Species of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae): Lutzomyia townsendi, L. spinicrassa, and L. youngi

Áñez, Néstor; Valenta, David T.; Cazorla, Dalmiro; Quicke, Donald L. J.; Feliciangeli, M. Dora

doi:10.1093/jmedent/34.3.312

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, this method has been shown to be useful for the distinction of medically important insects that present problems in their identification (Añez et al 1997, Gebre-Michael & Medhin 1997, Petrarca et al 1998 (Rubio-Palis et al 1997, Rubio-Palis 1998. In addition, morphometry has been useful in clarifying the taxonomic status of An.…”

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confidence: 99%

Morphometric discrimination of females of five species of Anopheles of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus from Southern and Northwest Colombia

Quiñónes

Erazo

et al. 2002

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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The most important vectors of human Plasmodium in the neotropics belong to the subgenus Nyssorhynchus. These species are generally sympatric in terms of their geographical distributions. Some are difficult to identify based solely on examination of adult females using the available morphological keys, in these cases examination of immature stages and male genitalia is required to make correct determinations. However, in epidemiological studies it is necessary to identify the species of adult females which are found near humans, i.e. in studies of malaria transmission or evaluation of control measures. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the discrimination of adult females of different species of Nyssorhynchus isolated mainly from Southern Colombia (department of Putumayo), using morphometric analysis. Adult females were obtained after rearing larvae collected in natural breeding places and from the progeny of females collected on humans. The morphological characteristics of the immature stages allowed the identification of four species of the subgroup Oswaldoi from Southern Colombia: Anopheles rangeli Gabaldon, Cova Garcia & Lopez, An. oswaldoi (Peryassu), An. benarrochi Gabaldon, Cova Garcia & Lopez and An. triannulatus (Neiva & Pinto). The species An. nuneztovari (Gabaldon) from the Northwest of Colombia was included for comparison. Morphometric analysis allowed differentiation of the females of all species to a confidence level approaching 90% using principal components analysis of 10 wing and leg variables, followed by canonical variate analysis of the first four principal components. We conclude that morphometrics may represent a useful taxonomic tool for this group and that its use should be further studied

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confidence: 99%

Morphometric discrimination of females of five species of Anopheles of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus from Southern and Northwest Colombia

Quiñónes

Erazo

et al. 2002

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Morphometric studies to identify sibling phlebotomine species have been performed in recent decades (Añez et al, 1997;Dujardin et al, 1999Dujardin et al, , 2005Dujardin & Le Pont, 2000;Cazorla & Acosta, 2003;Sábio et al, 2014) and some have been based on wing geometry (Godoy et al, 2014;Shimabukuro et al, 2016). Thus, the aims of the current study were: (a) to analyse variations in the size and shape of wings among Lutzomyia species within the subgenus Lutzomyia and to compare these variations with those in other species from different genera and subgenera; (b) to determine whether wing geometry can be used to distinguish morphologically indistinguishable females within the subgenus Lutzomyia; (c) to identify clusters based on wing geometry and to determine whether these clusters are consistent with the classification for the species within the subgenus Lutzomyia proposed by Galati (2003), and (d) to analyse intraspecific variations in wing size between the sexes.…”

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confidence: 99%

The role of wing geometric morphometrics in the identification of sandflies within the subgenus Lutzomyia

Giordani

Andrade

Galati

et al. 2017

Medical Vet Entomology

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The Lutzomyia subgenus (Diptera: Psychodidae) includes sibling species with morphologically indistinguishable females. The aims of this study were to analyse variations in the size and shape of wings of species within the Lutzomyia subgenus and to assess whether these analyses might be useful in their identification. Wings (n = 733) of 18 species deposited in Brazilian collections were analysed by geometric morphometrics, using other genera and subgenera as outgroups. Shape variation was summarized in multivariate analyses and differences in wing size among species were tested by analysis of variance. The results showed significant variation in the sizes and shapes of wings of different Lutzomyia species. Two clusters within the Lutzomyia subgenus were distinguished in analyses of both males and females. In Cluster 1 (Lutzomyia ischnacantha, Lutzomyia cavernicola, Lutzomyia almerioi, Lutzomyia forattinii, Lutzomyia renei and Lutzomyia battistinii), scores for correct reclassification were high (females, kappa = 0.91; males, kappa = 0.90), whereas in Cluster 2 (Lutzomyia alencari, Lutzomyia ischyracantha, Lutzomyia cruzi, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia gaminarai and Lutzomyia lichyi), scores for correct reclassification were low (females, kappa = 0.42; males, kappa = 0.48). Wing geometry was useful in the identification of some species of the Lutzomyia subgenus, but did not allow the identification of sibling species such as L. longipalpis and L. cruzi.

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“…Para separar esas especies de flebótomos se han utilizado varias metodologías: isoenzimas (Kreutzer et al 1990), amplificación al azar de ADN polimórfico (RAPD; Adamson et al 1991Adamson et al ,1993, hidrocarburos cuticulares e hibridación de ADN , estructura coriónica , Sierra et al 2000, morfometría (Pérez 1996, Añez et al 1997, morfología del atrio genital (valenta et al 1999), citogenética (Escobar 2000) y secuencias de genes mitocondriales y nucleares (Rojas et al 2000).…”

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Estructura genética en cinco especies de flebótomos (Lutzomyia spp.) de la serie townsendi, grupo verrucarum, en Colombia (Diptera: Prychodidae)

Hernández¹,

Ruiz‐García²,

Munstermann³

et al. 2007

RBT

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Estructura genética en cinco especies de flebótomos (Lutzomyia spp.) de la serie townsendi, grupo verrucarum, en Colombia (Diptera: Prychodidae) Abstract: Genetic structure in five Phlebotominae (Lutzomyia spp.), townsendi series, verrucarum group, in Colombia (Diptera: Prychodidae). Sixteen isoenzyme patterns were analyzed for five Colombian Lutzomyia species. The average unbiased expected heterozygosity levels ranged from 0.098 (Lu. youngi) to 0.215 (Lu. torvida). The five species samples, taken all the isoenzymes employed, were significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by homozygous excess with classical as well as Markov chain exact tests. Possible causes: (1) Wahlund effect within populations due to subdivision and/or sampling. Endogamy could be discarded because these loci were affected by highly different levels of homozygous excess. (2) Null alleles could be not discarded, at least for some isoenzymes. The hierarchical Wright´s F analysis showed high and significant values for each parameter. The average F IT value was 0.655 with a conspicous homozygous excess at a global level (all species taken together); the average F IS value was significantly positive (0.515) as well, with homozygous excess within each species. The genetic heterogeneity between the fives species was noteworthy (F ST = 0.288), indicating clear genetic differentiation. The more related species pairs were Lu. longiflocosa-Lu. torvida (0.959) and Lu torvida-Lu. spinicrassa (0.960); while Lu. torvida-Lu. youngi (0.805) and Lu. quasitownsendi-Lu. youngi (0.796) were the most divergent (Nei´s genetic identity matrix). UPGMA and Wagner algorithms showed that the most divergent species was Lu. youngi, whereas the most related were Lu. longiflocosa-Lu. torvida and Lu torvida-Lu. spinicrassa. A spatial autocorrelation analysis (Moran´s I index) revealed a very weak, or inexistent spatial structure, which means that the speciation events between these species were independent from the geographic distances from where they currently live. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (4): 1717-1739. Epub 2008 December 12.

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Multivariate Analysis To Discriminate Species of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae): Lutzomyia townsendi, L. spinicrassa, and L. youngi

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Morphometric discrimination of females of five species of Anopheles of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus from Southern and Northwest Colombia

Morphometric discrimination of females of five species of Anopheles of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus from Southern and Northwest Colombia

The role of wing geometric morphometrics in the identification of sandflies within the subgenus Lutzomyia

Estructura genética en cinco especies de flebótomos (Lutzomyia spp.) de la serie townsendi, grupo verrucarum, en Colombia (Diptera: Prychodidae)

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