Multivariate analyses of genotype x environment interaction of popcorn

Abstract

-The objectives of this work were to evaluate the genotype x environment (GxE) interaction for popcorn and to compare two multivariate analyses methods. Nine popcorn cultivars were sown on four dates one month apart during each of the agricultural years 1998/1999 and 1999/2000. The experiments were carried out using randomized block designs, with four replicates. The cv. Zélia contributed the least to the GxE interaction. The cv. Viçosa performed similarly to cv. Rosa-claro. Optimization of GxE was obtained for cv. CMS 42 for a favorable mega-environment, and for cv. CMS 43 for an unfavorable environment. Multivariate analysis supported the results from the method of Eberhart & Russell. The graphic analysis of the Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model was simple, allowing conclusions to be made about stability, genotypic performance, genetic divergence between cultivars, and the environments that optimize cultivar performance. The graphic analysis of the Genotype main effects and Genotype x Environment interaction (GGE) method added to AMMI information on environmental stratification, defining mega-environments and the cultivars that optimized performance in those mega-environments. Both methods are adequate to explain the genotype x environment interactions.Index terms: Zea mays, adaptability, breeding, maize, popcorn, selection, stability. Análises multivariadas da interação genótipo x ambiente em milho-pipocaResumo -Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a interação genótipo x ambiente (GxA) em milho-pipoca e comparar dois métodos de análise multivariada (AMMI e GGE). Os tratamentos foram nove cultivares de milho-pipoca, plantadas em quatro épocas de semeadura em cada ano de cultivo em 1998/1999 e 1999/2000. O delineamento foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. A cultivar Zélia foi a que menos contribuiu para a interação GxA. As cultivares Viçosa e Rosa-claro mostraram desempenhos similares. A otimização da interação GxA foi obtida com a cv. CMS 42 para mega-ambientes favoráveis e com a cv. CMS 43 para ambientes desfavoráveis. Os resultados das análises multivariadas corroboraram os resultados do método de Eberhart & Russell. A análise gráfica do método Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) é simples e permite tirar conclusões sobre estabilidade, desempenho genotípico, divergência genética das cultivares, e sobre os ambientes que otimizam o desempenho das cultivares. A análise gráfica do método Genotype main effects and Genotype x Environment interaction (GGE) acrescentou informações de estratificação ambiental ao AMMI e definiu mega-ambientes e as cultivares que tiveram suas performances otimizadas nesses ambientes. Ambos os métodos são adequados para explicar a interação genótipo x ambiente.Termos para indexação: Zea mays, adaptabilidade, melhoramento genético, milho, milho-pipoca, seleção, estabilidade.

Combining ability of tropical maize cultivars in organic and conventional production systems

“…The results of this study were similar to those of MURPHY et al (2007), who evaluated 35 lines of winter wheat in organic and conventional systems at five locations over two years and found significant differences in performance for the genotypes x production systems interaction at four of the five sites. The different response of maize genotypes in different environments is common and the genotype x environments interaction is very important for plant breeding (MIRANDA et al, 2009;FALUBA et al, 2010;FRITSCHE-NETO et al, 2010b). Differences in cultivar performance between organic and conventional environments were found by SILVA et al (2007) for maize and by PRZYSTALSKI et al (2008) for barley, wheat and winter triticale, from trials performed in Denmark, Sweden, Netherlands, France, Switzerland, UK and Germany.…”

“…Differences of maize cultivar performances are very commons in tropical regions and production systems with low or high input (SILVA et al, 2003;MIRANDA et al, 2009;. Those cultivars that were developed for use with high inputs to achieve higher yields in conventional production systems are not suited to the organic production system (LAMMERTS VAN BUEREN & STRUIK, 2004).…”

Abordagem bayesiana para avaliação da adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de alfafa

“…Diversas metodologias são usadas para esse fim, como o método de Annicchiarico (1992), que se baseia em análise da variância, e o método de Eberhart & Russell (1966), que se baseia em análise de regressão linear simples. Métodos não paramétricos, como os desenvolvidos por Rocha et al (2005) e Nascimento et al (2009a, 2009b, 2010c, também podem ser empregados.…”

Inbreeding depression and genetic components for popping expansion and other traits in Brazilian populations of popcorn

“…The main objective in maize breeding programs is to obtain hybrids, and success depends on the choice of parents (Miranda et al, 2008; and optimization of the genotypes by environmental interaction (Miranda et al, 2009;Arnhold et al, 2009a). The value of homozygous inbred lines depends on how much of the variance can be reduced by inbreeding, and on how much the environmental variance will be affected by inbreeding (Wiegertjes et al, 1996).…”