Multitherapeutic nanoplatform based on scintillating anthracene, silver@anthracene, and gold@anthracene nanoparticles for combined radiation and photodynamic cancer therapies

Room-Temperature, Copper-Free, and Amine-Free Sonogashira Reaction in a Green Solvent: Synthesis of Tetraalkynylated Anthracenes and In Vitro Assessment of Their Cytotoxic Potentials

“…Anthracenes have been classified as “Group 3nonclassifiable as carcinogenic to human” by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) . Studies have shown that anthracene derivatives can be used as potential anticancer drugs and chemotherapeutic agents, mainly in breast cancer (BC). , The most common problem with long-term treatment of cancer is multidrug resistance (MDR), and these anthracene derivatives show promising results in overcoming MDR resistance in cancer treatments. , MHY412, a novel anthracene derivative, was successful in arresting BC cells in the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle via inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and the p21 expression in MCF-7/Adr cells . HL-37, another anthracene derivative, showed potential antitumor activity by inducing apoptosis in MDA-MB-435 and MCF-7 cells via the Ca 2+ /caspase pathway .…”

Microfluidic Synthesis of Theranostic Nanoparticles with Near-Infrared Scintillation: Toward Next-Generation Dosimetry in X-ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy

“…To verify the possibility of using the GdF 3 :Eu nanoparticles for X-PDT, we employed electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) and the spin-trap TPC, which is well-known for being highly specific to detect singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ). , An initial assay performed by simply mixing MB with GdF 3 :Eu and TPC revealed no significant singlet oxygen production, suggesting that energy transfer from the ScNP to the photosensitizer was not taking place. We speculated that this occurred due to a possible large distance between MB and ScNP.…”

Plasmon-enhanced nano-photosensitizers: game-changers in photodynamic therapy of cancers

“…37 The tunability of the SPR wavelength of plasmonic nanostructures through controlling their size and shape can be used to reach the spectrum overlap with the excitation wavelength of the organic PSs, which is a critical factor for their potential as energy mediators to encourage the PS to produce singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), which ultimately leads to apoptosis of tumor cells. 38,39 It should be mentioned that the spectral overlap between the SPR wavelength and PS's emission should be minimum; otherwise, the energy transfer from the excited PS to the plasmonic NP will decrease the PS's fluorescence emission. The hybridization of plasmonic nanoparticles with organic PSs can be carried out via electrostatic interaction, thiol attachment strategy, and amine attachment strategy.…”

“…Oliveira and colleagues 38 prepared core-shell NPs from anthracene nanoparticles (AntNPs) as the shell and gold and silver nanoparticles as the core materials with potential applications in PDT. The overlap between the AntNP excitation wavelength and AgNP plasmon band was larger than with AuNPs.…”