Multitarget protection of Pterospartum tridentatum phenolic‐rich extracts against a wide range of free radical species, antidiabetic activity and effects on human colon carcinoma (Caco‐2) cells

Abstract

Pterospartum tridentatum is an edible endemic plant common in Portugal. Its flowers are used in culinary and are part of the popular medicine owing to its therapeutic properties. In this study, P. tridentatum flower infusion and hydroethanolic extracts were characterized concerning their phenolic composition and biological potential. By highperformance liquid chromatography method coupled to a diode array detector analysis were detected 13 phenolics. Genistein was the major one. Concerning the biological potential, the hydroethanolic extract was the most active against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl • and also as α-glucosidase inhibitor, while the infusion proved to be a remarkable free radical scavenger. Concerning human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells, it was observed that both extracts displayed dose-dependent cytotoxicity on the viability of Caco-2 cells, presenting cytotoxic selectivity for these cancer cells when compared to the NHDF normal cell line. Additionally, they also showed protective effects against oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide on Caco-2 cells. The obtained results suggest that these extracts may be interesting to enrich nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and food industries; however, more studies need to be done for their inclusion in pharmaceutical preparations and/or food additives.

Hepatoprotective Effects of Sweet Cherry Extracts (cv. Saco)

“…After 24 h, different concentrations of cherry fractions dissolved in medium containing 0.5% (v/v) dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) (6.25-100 µg/mL) were added. To assess the cytotoxicity effects after exposure to the fractions, plates were incubated for 24, 48 and 72 h [28][29][30][31][32]. On the other hand, for evaluating the antioxidant potential, preliminary assays were performed to choose the appropriate concentration and exposure time of each oxidative stress inductor able to cause around 50% cell death (data not shown).…”

“…After that, cells were washed two times with PBS and chromatin fluorescence was analysed using a Zeiss AxioImager A1 fluorescence microscope with 405 nm laser excitation for DAPI. Digital images were generated with Zeiss ZEN software [30].…”

Potential Activity of Abrantes Pollen Extract: Biochemical and Cellular Model Studies

“…The capability of bee pollen hydroethanolic extract to quench DPPH • was performed according to Gonçalves et al [1]. Each well contained 25 µL extract dissolved in methanol and 200 µL methanolic DPPH (150 mM).…”

“…Nowadays, there is an interest in more balanced, functional, and healthier food. In this context, natural plants and their derivatives have received a lot of attention owing to their health-promoting properties with little or no adverse effects [1]. Bee pollen, a hive-derived product, is one of these products that is gaining more attention [2].…”

“…•− ) radicals and to inhibit the α-glucosidase enzyme. Additionally, its protective effects on different cellular models were also studied: (1) human erythrocytes, studying hemoglobin oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and hemolysis induced by peroxyl species (ROO • ); (2) human colon carcinoma cells (Caco-2); and (3) liver carcinoma cells (HepG2). Erythrocytes were selected not only for being the most abundant cells in vertebrates, but also for their crucial role in immune reactions and respiratory gas exchange, which in turn, makes them highly susceptible targets to oxidation and inflammatory conditions.…”