Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant BA.2.38 in a four-year-old Chinese girl: A case report

Wang, Wenyuan; Wang, Yongjun; An, Caixia; Zhao, Qijun; Wang, Shuying; Li, Wanyi; Yi, Bin; Li, Huan

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1021200

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children is a rare post-infectious hyperinflammatory disorder associated with SARS-CoV-2 ( 25 ). Despite limited reports of MIS-C during the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron wave ( 26 , 27 ). In our cross sectional study, 12 patients were diagnosed with this condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resurgence of influenza A after SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave and comparative analysis of hospitalized children with COVID-19 and influenza A virus infection

Lin,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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ContextThe highly infectious Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have caused large-scale transmission from Dec 2022 to Feb 2023 in China. After this event, a remarkable surge of influenza A (Flu A) occurred from March to May 2023, especially in pediatric patients.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the differences between pediatric patients infected with COVID-19 Omicron and Flu A virus.MethodsA total of 1,063 hospitalized children who admitted into two tertiary general hospital of Guangdong province of China were included. Medical records were compared retrospectively in these patients during the pandemic periods of SARS-CoV-2 omicron and Flu A.ResultsA total of 592 Patients with Flu A were mostly preschool and school-aged (>3y, 76.0%), they showed higher ratio of high fever (≥39°C), cough, rhinorrhea, and vomiting than patients with SARS-CoV-2 omicron. Most of the 471 Omicron patients were young children (0–3y, 74.5%) and had more poor appetite and dyspnea symptom. Benign acute children myositis (BACM) was only observed in patients with Flu A, and a significant male predominance. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) was only found in patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron. Compared to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron group, for both age groups (0–3 years and > 3 years), the Flu A group showed significantly reduced lymphocyte (Lym) counts (P < 0.001), and elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB) in laboratory indexes (all P < 0.001). Additionally, it was found that more children hospitalized with COVID-19 had increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels compared to those with Flu A.ConclusionInfluenza A infections have notably surged in children, coinciding with the relaxation of COVID-19 related social restrictions. During the epidemic periods of Omicron and Flu A virus infection, different clinical and laboratory characteristics were observed in hospitalized children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resurgence of influenza A after SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave and comparative analysis of hospitalized children with COVID-19 and influenza A virus infection

Lin,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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“…Surprisingly, large MIS-C cohort studies from China, Japan, the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, and others were not identified. Extreme cases reported from Japan have shown the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and continuous hemodiafiltration for MIS-C-related acute myocardial and renal injury and the potential benefit of infliximab in a patient with refractory MIS-C. [47][48][49][50] There are several limitations to our study. First, our study was conducted at a single tertiary referral center located in northern Taiwan.…”

Section: Re Sultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical manifestations and outcomes associated with PICU admission in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in Taiwan: A retrospective cohort study

Tseng,

Lin,

Huang

et al. 2023

Int J of Rheum Dis

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BackgroundMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) is a rare and serious systemic inflammatory disorder that occurs following a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. This study aims to investigate the clinical manifestations, risk factors associated with pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission, and outcome among children with MIS‐C in Taiwan.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted among pediatric patients diagnosed with MIS‐C between June 2022 and February 2023 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. Data on demographics, clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment modalities, and outcomes were collected and analyzed.ResultsTwenty‐eight MIS‐C patients, including 9 boys and 19 girls, with an average age of 5.3 ± 3.8 years old, were enrolled. Most of the cases (78.6%) were diagnosed following the first pandemic wave of COVID‐19 in Taiwan. The leading clinical manifestations observed were fever (100%), skin rash (64.3%), tachycardia (46.4%), and vomiting (46.4%). Nine patients (32.1%) were admitted to the PICU due to hypotension or neurological manifestations. Higher levels of band‐form white blood cells, procalcitonin, ferritin, d‐dimer, prothrombin time, NT‐proBNP, and lower platelet levels on arrival were associated with PICU admission (p = 3.9 × 10−2,9 × 10−3, 4 × 10−3,1 × 10−3, 5 × 10−3, 4.1 × 10−2, and 3.4 × 10−2, respectively). Arrhythmia in one case (3.5%) and coronary artery abnormalities, including dilatation in two cases (7.1%) and small aneurysms in one case (3.5%) were identified. Regardless of ICU admission, no patients experienced systolic dysfunction or mortality following treatment.ConclusionMIS‐C cases in Taiwan have a favorable outcome. Although one‐third of the patients required PICU admission, none of the MIS‐C cases resulted in severe cardiovascular morbidity or mortality. This study provides valuable insights into the clinical manifestations and outcomes associated with PICU admission in children with MIS‐C in Taiwan.

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Hospitalized children with COVID-19 infection during large outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain: a retrospective study in Chaozhou, Guangdong, China

Lin,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Annals of Medicine

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Objective We aimed to investigate the clinical findings of hospitalized paediatric COVID-19 patients by the end of 2022. Method All confirmed children with COVID-19 infection admitted into Chaozhou Central Hospital during the COVID-19 outbreak from 19 December 2022 to 1 February 2023 were included. Detailed clinical data of those children were evaluated retrospectively. Results A total of 286 children, ranging in age from 1 month to 13 years old, were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among these cases, 138 (48.3%) were categorized as mild, 126 (44.0%) as moderate and 22 (7.7%) as severe/critical. Symptoms varied among the children and included fever, upper respiratory tract symptoms, convulsions, sore throat, poor appetite, dyspnoea and gastrointestinal symptoms. Notably, febrile convulsions were observed in 96 (33.6%) patients, while acute laryngitis was documented in 50 (17.5%) cases. Among the severe/critical patients, eight developed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), and tragically, one patient’s condition worsened and resulted in death. Furthermore, MRI scans revealed abnormal brain signals in six severe/critical patients. The severe/critical group also exhibited more pronounced laboratory abnormalities, including decreased haemoglobin and elevated ALT, AST, LDH and CK levels. Conclusions Febrile convulsions and acute laryngitis are frequently observed in children diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection. Moreover, MIS-C and abnormal neuroimaging appear to be relatively common phenomena in severe/critical cases.

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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant BA.2.38 in a four-year-old Chinese girl: A case report

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Resurgence of influenza A after SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave and comparative analysis of hospitalized children with COVID-19 and influenza A virus infection

Resurgence of influenza A after SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave and comparative analysis of hospitalized children with COVID-19 and influenza A virus infection

Clinical manifestations and outcomes associated with PICU admission in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in Taiwan: A retrospective cohort study

Hospitalized children with COVID-19 infection during large outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain: a retrospective study in Chaozhou, Guangdong, China

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