Multistage Cretaceous magmatism in the northern coastal region of Ellesmere Island and its relation to the formation of Alpha Ridge – evidence from aeromagnetic, geochemical and geochronological data

Abstract

The poorly studied Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge of the Amerasia Basin of the Arctic Ocean is covered by a large magnetic high and interpreted to be part of the Cretaceous High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP). At the north coast of Ellesmere Island, in the Yelverton Bay area, this characteristic magnetic high overlaps the shelf and the coastal area. Results of aeromagnetic surveys, geological fieldwork, geochronological, geochemical and Sr-Nd isotope analysis were combined to study the tectonic history of this part of the Canadian Polar margin. The basement, consisting of metamorphic rocks of the Pearya Terrane, was strongly affected by HALIP-related magmatism that is responsible for characteristic positive magnetic anomaly patterns. A broad magnetic high that can be traced to the Alpha Ridge covers the shelf and coastal areas of Yelverton Bay. It is caused by a voluminous intrusion into the continental crust at a depth of ca. 6-15 km. A chain of small positive magnetic anomalies crosses Wootton Peninsula from SW to NE and then curves into a NNE-SSW trend. It follows the coastline onshore and offshore and superimposes the southern and eastern margins of the broad magnetic high. On land, the anomaly chain covers fault-bounded outcrops of the Wootton Intrusive Complex (WIC) and the Hansen Point Volcanic Complex (HPVC), indicating that the entire anomaly chain is associated with a volcanogenic sequence. Rhyodacite that forms large parts of the HPVC east and west of Yelverton Bay extruded between c. 104 and 97 Ma (LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon ages). It originates from a tholeiitc suite and is probably genetically related to the deep intrusion. The HPVC together with the rhyodacite has an age range of c. 104-74 Ma and includes the mildly alkaline WIC (93-92 Ma). The northern coast of Ellesmere Island shows some characteristic features of a magma-rich rifted margin indicating an extensional evolution parallel to the North American margin between the openings of the Canada Basin and the Eurasian Basin.

Heat Flow in the Western Arctic Ocean (Amerasian Basin)

“…Dockman et al (2018) concluded that only the oldest phase of volcanism associated with AMR may have involved direct interaction with a hot spot. Researchers have identified HALIP components that are a continuation of AMR-related magma emplacement into the Sverdrup Basin and Canadian archipelago (Dockman et al, 2018;Estrada et al, 2016;Saumur et al, 2016) and onto Greenland, Franz Josef Land, and Svalbard (Corfu et al, 2013;Nejbert et al, 2011;Tegner et al, 2011).…”

Geology of Arctic Margins: Proceedings of ICAM VII 2015

“…The HPVC together with the rhyodacite has an age range of c. 104-74 Ma and includes the mildly alkaline WIC (93-92 Ma). Estrada et al (2016) further find that the northern coast of Ellesmere Island shows some characteristic features of a magma-rich rifted margin indicating an extensional evolution parallel to the North American margin between the openings of the Canada Basin and the Eurasian Basin. On the basis of their Sm-Nd isotopic results, Kingsbury et al (2016) find that South Fiord intrusion magmas were derived from a homogeneous mantle source whereas a more heterogeneous source is invoked for the Isachsen Formation lavas.…”

“…Here, a characteristic magnetic high overlapping the shelf and coastal area is interpreted to be a part of the Cretaceous High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP). Estrada et al (2016) find that the basement, consisting of metamorphic rocks of the Pearya Terrane, was strongly affected by HALIP-related magmatism that is responsible for the characteristic positive magnetic anomaly patterns. They document that a broad magnetic high which can be traced to the Alpha Ridge and covers the shelf and coastal areas of Yelverton Bay, is caused by a voluminous intrusion into the continental crust at a depth of c. 6-15 km.…”

“…It follows the coastline onshore and offshore and superimposes the southern and eastern margins of the broad magnetic high. Estrada et al (2016) document that, on land, the anomaly chain covers faultbounded outcrops of the Wootton Intrusive Complex (WIC) and the Hansen Point Volcanic Complex (HPVC), indicating that the entire anomaly chain is associated with a volcanogenic sequence.…”

“…Based on U-Pb zicon ages Estrada et al (2016) have found that rhyodacite forming large parts of the HPVC east and west of Yelverton Bay extruded between c. 104 and 97 Ma. They suggest that it originates from a tholeiitc suite and is probably genetically related to the deep intrusion.…”