Multispectral open-air intraoperative fluorescence imaging

Abstract

Intraoperative fluorescence imaging informs decisions regarding surgical margins by detecting and localizing signals from fluorescent reporters, labeling targets such as malignant tissues. This guidance reduces the likelihood of undetected malignant tissue remaining after resection, eliminating the need for additional treatment or surgery. The primary challenges in performing open-air intraoperative fluorescence imaging come from the weak intensity of the fluorescence signal in the presence of strong surgical and ambient illumination, and the auto-fluorescence of non-target components, such as tissue, especially in the visible spectral window (400-650 nm). In this work, a multispectral open-air fluorescence imaging system is presented for translational image-guided intraoperative applications, which overcomes these challenges. The system is capable of imaging weak fluorescence signals with nanomolar sensitivity in the presence of surgical illumination. This is done using synchronized fluorescence excitation and image acquisition with real-time background subtraction. Additionally, the system uses a liquid crystal tunable filter for acquisition of multispectral images that are used to spectrally unmix target fluorescence from non-target auto-fluorescence. Results are validated by preclinical studies on murine models and translational canine oncology models.

Deep learning extended depth-of-field microscope for fast and slide-free histology

“…First, the topical proflavine dye used in this study preferentially stains nuclei, and we expect that the combined use of nuclear stains and counterstains can contribute to added diagnostic value. In this regard, the DeepDOF architecture can be optimized to image dye combinations for virtual H&E staining (44)(45)(46), as well as various fluorescent molecular probes for tumor detection with high specificity (47)(48)(49)(50). Second, DeepDOF images were acquired without optical sectioning.…”

Intraoperative biophotonic imaging systems for image-guided interventions

“…While the details are beyond the scope of this review, here, we briefly describe each component for real-time fluorescence imaging. First, WD is of great importance given that the camera should not interfere with operation procedures, while providing an optimum FOV for intraoperative navigation [59]. With large FOV options available on many systems (e.g.…”

“…Electron multiplied-CCDs (EMCCDs) and intensified-CCDs (ICCDs) can provide improved sensitivities with higher gains, while suffering from high background noise [12]. On the other hand, scientific complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor cameras deliver fast readout speeds, high bit depth, high sensitivity, high quantum efficiency, wide dynamic range, and low read-out noise without the addition of multiplicative noise associated with EMCCDs [59]. However, the cost is still expensive compared to standard CCD cameras, which could be improved in the near future.…”

“…However, the cost is still expensive compared to standard CCD cameras, which could be improved in the near future. Currently, Perkin Elmer Solaris is the only one adapting this most advanced technology in the imager [59].…”

Fast Tunable Biological Fluorescence Detection Device with Integrable Liquid Crystal Filter

“…Among the various sensing modalities used in the development of biofluorescence spectrometric analysis methods, liquid crystal has been utilized for biofluorescence sensing with enormous potential due to its simple mechanism and wide field of view [20][21][22]. As the core device of multispectral imaging technology, liquid crystal had been incorporated into clinical biofluorescence detection in the past decades because of playing a guiding, real-time monitoring role in cancer surgery and wound healing [23][24][25]. However, previous work focused on a maximum transmittance of about 60% in a sophisticate system [26].…”