Multiscale Numerical Modeling for Prediction of Piezoresistive Effect for Polymer Composites with a Highly Segregated Structure

Lebedev, O. V.; Ozerin, А. N.; Abaimov, Sergey G.

doi:10.3390/nano11010162

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…In this regard, the formation of percolative paths at low filler loading with 1D/2D nanostructures may be preferred compared to spherically-shaped nanofillers or larger fillers [25]. There are some reports about the formation of segregated percolative paths inside the polymer composite [26][27][28][29][30], or conductive inks and coatings [31,32], but the spatial control of the electrical properties in these systems is still an open issue for practical applications. In this report, the application in the area of the laser stimulated percolation of CNT/polymer composites for low-power electronics is discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Conductive Paths Obtained by Laser Processing of Non-Conductive Carbon Nanotube/Polypropylene Composites

et al. 2021

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Functional materials are promising candidates for application in structural health monitoring/self-healing composites, wearable systems (smart textiles), robotics, and next-generation electronics. Any improvement in these topics would be of great relevance to industry, environment, and global needs for energy sustainability. Taking into consideration all these aspects, low-cost fabrication of electrical functionalities on the outer surface of carbon-nanotube/polypropylene composites is presented in this paper. Electrical-responsive regions and conductive tracks, made of an accumulation layer of carbon nanotubes without the use of metals, have been obtained by the laser irradiation process, leading to confined polymer melting/vaporization with consequent local increase of the nanotube concentration over the electrical percolation threshold. Interestingly, by combining different investigation methods, including thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, scanning electron and atomic force microscopies (SEM, AFM), and Raman spectroscopy, the electrical properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube/polypropylene (MWCNT/PP) composites have been elucidated to unfold their potentials under static and dynamic conditions. More interestingly, prototypes made of simple components and electronic circuits (resistor, touch-sensitive devices), where conventional components have been substituted by the carbon nanotube networks, are shown. The results contribute to enabling the direct integration of carbon conductive paths in conventional electronics and next-generation platforms for low-power electronics, sensors, and devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Conductive Paths Obtained by Laser Processing of Non-Conductive Carbon Nanotube/Polypropylene Composites

et al. 2021

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“…Figure 10 confirms that recycled nanocomposites contain long carbon nanotubes, whose structural integrity does not seem affected by the mechanical recycling process. The used CNTs (Nanocyl NC 7000) have an average length of around 1.5 μm 55 that can be observed in Figure 10C,D. Thus, it seems that CNT dispersion is affected by the recycling process, causing the dissimilarities observed in electrical conductivity samples, which also points out that is needed to increase the amount of CNT above 0.1 wt% in pristine nanocomposites to maintain an electrical response above the percolation threshold in all the material after being recycled.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Mechanical recycling and electro‐thermal welding of epoxy vitrimer nanocomposites

Lorero,

Mujica,

Campo

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Vitrimers constitute a new class of recyclable thermosets based on the incorporation of associative dynamic covalent bonds, such as disulfide bonds, into the crosslinked matrix. These reversible bonds usually require excess dynamic bonds to confer proper self‐healing and recycling capabilities to the thermoset. In that way, we manufacture epoxy resins cured with 4‐aminophenyl disulfide (AFD) in a stoichiometric ratio, and with 10 and 20 wt% of AFD excesses to analyze the effect of composition on resin properties. Beyond the neat vitrimers analysis, we manufacture nanocomposites doped with carbon nanotubes (CNT) to obtain electroactive vitrimers. These epoxy resins and nanocomposites can be mechanically recycled by milling and hot‐pressing. The recycled nanocomposites conserve partially CNT integrity and dispersion. Even more, recycled nanocomposites with AFD excesses maintain the mechanical strength of the pristine nanocomposites. Vitrimer nanocomposite samples can be also electrically welded, due to their heating by the Joule effect, through a relatively low voltage application, and therefore with low energy consumption, to obtain a monolithic specimen. In summary, the manufactured epoxy vitrimers and nanocomposites are recyclable and sustainable epoxy materials, which can be processed and reprocessed using technologies easily implementable, fast, and with low energy consumption.Highlights Electroactive and re‐processable vitrimer nanocomposites are manufactured. Nanocomposite vitrimers show conductivities similar to conventional epoxies. Bond exchanging temperatures can be reached by Joule heating. CNT addition enhances disulfide exchanges and thermo‐mechanical recyclability. Electrothermal welding of vitrimer nanocomposites is successfully tested.

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“…CNTs are represented as trusses with a stiffness of 570 GPa (calculated based on the wall stiffness of 1 TPa) and CTE CNT = 20 ppm/K [ 28 ], which are embedded in the matrix mesh. Embedded elements were widely used by the authors in their previous work on CNT composites modelling [ 29 , 30 , 31 ], as well as by others [ 32 ]. For the dry CNT film, the calculations are performed in the same manner but using zero CTE for the matrix and a very low Young’s modulus of 0.001 Pa.…”

Section: Phenomena Defining the Temperature Dependence Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Negative Temperature Coefficient of Resistance in Aligned CNT Networks: Influence of the Underlying Phenomena

et al. 2023

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Temperature dependence of electrical conductivity/resistivity of CNT networks (dry or impregnated), which is characterised by a temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), is experimentally observed to be negative, especially for the case of aligned CNT (A-CNT). The paper investigates the role of three phenomena defining the TCR, temperature dependence of the intrinsic conductivity of CNTs, of the tunnelling resistance of their contacts, and thermal expansion of the network, in the temperature range 300–400 K. A-CNT films, created by rolling down A-CNT forests of different length and described in Lee et al., Appl Phys Lett, 2015, 106: 053110, are investigated as an example. The modelling of the electrical conductivity is performed by the nodal analysis of resistance networks, coupled with the finite-element thermomechanical modelling of network thermal expansion. The calculated TCR for the film is about −0.002 1/K and is close to the experimentally observed values. Comparative analysis of the influence of the TCR defining phenomena is performed on the case of dry and impregnated films. The analysis shows that in both cases, for an A-CNT film at the studied temperature interval, the main factor affecting a network’s TCR is the TCR of the CNTs themselves. The TCR of the tunnelling contacts plays the secondary role; influence of the film thermal expansion is marginal. The prevailing impact of the intrinsic conductivity TCR on the TCR of the film is explained by long inter-contact segments of CNTs in an A-CNT network, which define the homogenised film conductivity.

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Multiscale Numerical Modeling for Prediction of Piezoresistive Effect for Polymer Composites with a Highly Segregated Structure

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Multifunctional Conductive Paths Obtained by Laser Processing of Non-Conductive Carbon Nanotube/Polypropylene Composites

Multifunctional Conductive Paths Obtained by Laser Processing of Non-Conductive Carbon Nanotube/Polypropylene Composites

Mechanical recycling and electro‐thermal welding of epoxy vitrimer nanocomposites

Negative Temperature Coefficient of Resistance in Aligned CNT Networks: Influence of the Underlying Phenomena

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